Estimate the eccentricity e of the earth’s orbit around the sun by taking account of the...

Estimate the eccentricity e of the earth’s orbit around the sun by taking account of the differing lengths of the seasons. Please show step by step.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Perihelion is that point in the elliptical orbit where Earth is closest to Sun. Aphelion is at the opposite end of the ellipse, where Earth is furthest from Sun.

Variations in season lengths become more extreme as eccentricity increases, because Earth moves faster near perihelion and slower near aphelion, as per Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion.
As eccentricity increases the perihelion distance from Sun decreases and the distance at aphelion increases, with consequent decrease in time spent near perihelion and increase in time spent near aphelion.
Global mean temperatures may decrease as eccentricity increases, due to more time spent further away from Sun.
When perihelion is at a mid-season point the prior and next season are equal and of median length.
When perihelion is at an equinox or solstice the length of that season equals the prior season length, and the opposite season length matches its prior season length.
At all other times, all seasons have unequal lengths which can differ by as much as 7 days, or even more with higher orbital eccentricity.

Calculation of the earths orbital eccentricity is aattached

genius_generous answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Earth’s orbit around the Sun is an ellipse that is almost a circle. The Sun is...

Earth’s orbit around the Sun is an ellipse that is almost a circle. The Sun is at one focus, the major axis is 299,190,000 km in length, and the minor axis is 299,148,000 km in length. What are the minimum and maximum distances from Earth to the Sun?

The radius of the Earth’s orbit around the sun (assumed to be circular) is 1.50∙108 km,...

The radius of the Earth’s orbit around the sun (assumed to be circular) is 1.50∙108 km, and the Earth travels around this obit in 365 days. The mass of the Earth is 5.98·1024 kg, and mass of the Sun is 1.99∙1030 kg. (a) What is the magnitude of the orbital velocity of the Earth, in m/s? (b) What is the radial acceleration of the earth toward the sun, in m/s2? (c) What is the magnitude of centripetal force acting on...

describe the different changes in the orbit of the Earth around the sun including their periodicity?

a.) Calculate the angular velocity (in rad/s) of the Earth in its orbit around the sun...

a.) Calculate the angular velocity (in rad/s) of the Earth in its orbit around the sun and that about its axis. b.) Calculate the moment of inertia, the angular momentum, and the rotational kinetic energies for both cases.

A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion...

A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true? Speed of the comet Angular momentum of the comet/sun system Gravitational potential energy of the comet/sun system A Increases Increases Decreases B Increases Constant Decreases C Decreases Decreases Increases D Increases Increases Constant E Constant Constant Constant

What is Earth's Specific Mechanical Energy in its orbit around the Sun? Here are some properties...

What is Earth's Specific Mechanical Energy in its orbit around the Sun? Here are some properties you may or may not need to solve this question (you'll have to decide which of these will help you): Earth's semi-major axis in its orbit around the sun, a = 149.6 x 106 km Earth's mass is 6 x 1024 kg Earth's Gravitational Parameter, μEarth = 3.986 x 105 km3 s-2 Sun's Gravitational Parameter, μSun = 1.327×1011 km3 s-2 Sun's mass is 2...

Does the eccentricity of the orbit increase or decrease as you shorten the initial distance of...

Does the eccentricity of the orbit increase or decrease as you shorten the initial distance of the planet from the star? Why would this be the case? (Based on my data the eccentricity of orbit decreased with shorter initial distances between the planet and star. Please explain why that is. Data is shown below) Trial Initial distance (thousand miles) d (thousand miles) c (thousand miles) T (days) Ti2/T02 di2/d02 eccentricity 0 91500 186000 185950 365 0.02 1 75000 128045 126422...

Assume that a rocket is in Earth’s orbit at 450 km above the surface. a) Calculate...

Assume that a rocket is in Earth’s orbit at 450 km above the surface. a) Calculate the orbital velocity in km/s b) Calculate the escape velocity from said orbit and g in this orbit

How does Earth’s curvature relate to the speed needed for a projectile to orbit the Earth?

b) Determine the force the sun exerts on a kilogram of water on the earth’s surface...

b) Determine the force the sun exerts on a kilogram of water on the earth’s surface at a point nearest the sun and at a point farthest from the sun. (c) Do the same for the force exerted by the moon. (d) Explain why the tides are associated with the motion of the moon.

Subjects