4. Explain in your own words the following synovial joint movements: a. flexion b. extension c....

4. Explain in your own words the following synovial joint movements:
a. flexion
b. extension
c. hyperextension
d. circumduction
e. elevation
f. depression
g. medial rotation
h. lateral rotation
i. supination
j. pronation
k. plantar flexion
l. dorsiflexion
m. inversion
n. eversion

Expert Solution

a. Flexion: movement resulting in decrease in angle of joint. Eg: bending the knee or elbow

b. Extension: movement resulting in increase in angle of joint. Eg: Straightening the knee or elbow

c. Hyperextension: Extension beyond the normal range if movement. Eg: Backbend

d. Circumduction: Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction. Eg: Arm circles, wrist circles

e. Elevation: A movement that raise a bone vertically upward or in superior direction. Eg: Closing mouth

f. Depression: A movement of bone in an inferior direction. Eg: Opening mouth

g. Medial rotation: Movement on longitudinal axis where bone turns inward.

h. Lateral rotation: Movement on longitudinal axis where bone turns outward.

i. Supination: Rotation of the hand so that thumb moves toward body's midline.

j. Pronation: Rotation of the hand so that thumb away from body's midline.

k. Plantar flexion: Flexion of entire foot inferiorly.

l. Dorsiflexion: Extension of entire foot superiorly.

m. Inversion: Turning the ankle so the plantar surface of foot faces medially.

n. Eversion: Turning the ankle so the plantar surface of foot faces laterally.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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