Question

explain what is meant by wild type and Include frequency in your explanation and use human blood type genotypes to demonstrate your knowledge of this material

Answer 1

please find the answer

Wild type (WT) refers to the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature.

1. Mainly , the wild type was conceptualized as a product of the standard normal allele at a locus, in difference to that produced by a non-standard, mutant allele.
2. Mutant alleles can vary to a great extent, and even become the wild type if a genetic shift occurs within the population.
3. Continued advancements in genetic mapping technologies have created a better understanding of how mutations occur and interact with other genes to alter phenotype.
4. It is now cherished that most or all gene loci exist in a variety of allelic forms, which vary in frequency throughout the geographic range of a species, and that a uniform wild type does not exist.
5. In general, however, the most prevalent allele i.e., the one with the highest gene frequency is the one deemed as wild type.

Human blood type genotypes

The gene locus for the ABO blood type carbohydrate antigens in humans,

Generally genetics recognizes three alleles, I^A, I^B, and i, that determine compatibility of blood transfusions. Any individual has one of six possible genotypes.

IAIA

IAi

IBIB

IBi

IAIB

ii

Which produce one of four possible phenotypes:

1. "Type A" (produced by I^AI^A homozygous and I^Ai heterozygous genotypes),
2. "Type B" (produced by I^BI^B homozygous and I^Bi heterozygous genotypes),
3. "Type AB" produced by I^AI^B heterozygous genotype,
4. "Type O" produced by ii homozygous genotype. (It is now known that each of the A, B, and O alleles is actually a class of multiple alleles with different DNA sequences that produce proteins with identical properties: more than 70 alleles are known at the ABO locus.

Hence an individual with "Type A" blood may be an AO heterozygote, an AA homozygote, or an AA heterozygote with two different "A" alleles.