Jeff is a 57-year-old male with a long history of type 1 diabetes. He takes insulin...

Jeff is a 57-year-old male with a long history of type 1 diabetes. He takes insulin to manage his diabetes, but has been having trouble maintaining steady blood glucose levels over the last two weeks. Jeff suffered a week-long case of influenza last month, but is otherwise healthy. This morning, he began vomiting upon waking. This was followed by extreme abdominal pain and extreme thirst. He called his endocrinologist, who told him that he needs to seek emergency care.

1. Given Jeff’s history of type 1 diabetes, which of the following conditions is he most likely experiencing?

		a. Diabetic ketoacidosis
		b. Metabolic alkalosis
		c. Respiratory alkalosis
		d. Diabetic alkalosis

2. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a type of respiratory acidosis.

True

False

3. If Jeff has diabetic ketoacidosis, which of the following symptoms may he also be experiencing?

		a. Infrequent urination
		b. Deep, rapid breathing
		c. Increased energy
		d. Increased salivation

4. Briefly explain why Jeff has a feeling of extreme thirst.

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is serious complication of type 1 diabetes, diabetes ketoacidosis happen when your blood sugar is very high and acidic substance like ketone builds up to dangerous levels in your body.

2. False

Diabetes ketoacidosis is type of metabolic acidosis, in diabetic ketoacidosis the Ph becomes less (around 7.3) and it causes low level of serum bicarbonate (less than 18meq/lit) which denotes that person is suffering from metabolic acidosis.

3. Deep, rapid breathing.

In diabetes ketoacidosis because of the symptom of metabolic acidosis, the patint experiences deep, rapid breathing.

4. In diabetes there is high concentration of glucose in blood over long period of time and the body is not able to pick up glucose from water in your kidneys, because of which osmotic pressure builds up, finally the osmotic pressure is so high that water can no longer be absorbed back into your blood stream causing extreme thirst. Diabetic ketoacidosis causes frequent urination because of which body becomes dehydrated fast resulting in excessive thirst.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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