Question

In: Economics

Question 2 (30 marks) Consider a market with demand characterized by Q = 70 – P....

Question 2

Consider a market with demand characterized by Q = 70 – P. Suppose the market is characterized by perfect competition, and aggregate supply is represented by Q = -20 + 4P.

A) Are all firms identical in this market? Why or why not?

B) Calculate equilibrium price and quantity.

C) Determine producer and consumer surplus associated with this market. Is total surplus maximized? How do you know?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Ans A). All firms are identical in this market.A firm’s decision about how much to produce or what price to charge depends on how competitive the market structure is. If the Cincinnati Bengals raise their ticket prices by 5%, there will be a small reduction in the quantity of tickets demanded. If the corner gasstation raises its gasoline prices by 5%, there will be a huge reduction in the gas demande .All firms in perfect competition are price taker they connot change anything otherwise they have to face huge loss.Because of this reason all firms are identical in this market.

ANS B).

Ans C). Let assume the P* is the equilibrium price and Q* is the equilibrium quantity. Demand line shows the willingness to pay that is P* for Q* quantity. consumer surplus is achieved in an amount equal to the distance between the demand curve and P*. As a result, the shaded area in the chart ( given below) indicates the total consumer surplus achieved in the market.To calculate the total CS , first we have to calculate the total shaded area of triangle with area formula (1/2.b.h). Diagram is given in picture.

Producers surplus is value which he derive from transaction, means if he wanted to sell his product at $5 but finally he sold his product at $10 than PS will be $5 per unit.Like consumer surplus, producer surplus can also be shown via a chart of supply and demand. This time, however, the surplus from each transaction is represented by the distance between the supply curve (which denotes the lowest price suppliers would be willing to accept) and the market price. The total producer surplus achieved in the market would be represented by the horizental line area in the chart.


Related Solutions

Consider a market for a good characterized by an inverse market demand P(Q) = 200−Q. There...
Consider a market for a good characterized by an inverse market demand P(Q) = 200−Q. There are two firms, firm 1 and firm 2, which produce a homogeneous output with a cost function C(q) =q2+ 2q+ 10. 1. What are the profits that each firm makes in this market? 2. Suppose an advertising consultant approaches firm 1 and offers to increase consumers’ value for the good by $10. He offers this in exchange for payment of $200. Should the firm...
Consider a market characterized by demand Q = 80/6 − P/6 . It is served by...
Consider a market characterized by demand Q = 80/6 − P/6 . It is served by two firms A and B, and both firms have constant marginal cost equal to 8. Suppose an investment by firm A reduces its marginal cost to 5 (a decrease of 37.5%), while B’s marginal cost remains at 8. If the firms compete by setting quantities, what is the predicted percentage change in the market price? Show your work.
Question 2. Let the market for Wizzas be characterized by the following information: Q = 70...
Question 2. Let the market for Wizzas be characterized by the following information: Q = 70 – 5P [Demand] Q = 3P – 10 [Supply] where P is price per serving (Q) of Wizza. Suppose the government imposes a sales tax of $2 per serving of Wizza. Answer questions (i) through (v) below: i) Calculate the magnitude of the consumer surplus and producer surplus in the pre- tax equilibrium. ii) Calculate the tax revenue in the post-tax equilibrium. iii) Calculate...
Consider a market with market demand P(Q) = 70 -8Q and each firm in the market...
Consider a market with market demand P(Q) = 70 -8Q and each firm in the market faces a total cost TC(Q) = 22Q. Suppose there is only one firm in the market. (a) What is the profit-maximizing price and quantity in the market? (b) What are the profits and consumer surplus? Now suppose we have a Cournot duopoly where firms choose quantities. (c) What is the equilibrium price and market quantity? (d) What is the consumer surplus and profits for...
A monopoly faces market demand Q = 30−P and has a cost function C(Q) = Q^2...
A monopoly faces market demand Q = 30−P and has a cost function C(Q) = Q^2 (a) Find the profit maximizing price and quantity and the resulting profit to the monopoly. (b) What is the socially optimal price? Calculate the deadweight loss (DWL) due to the monopolist behavior of this firm. Calculate consumer surplus (CS) and producer surplus (PS) given the profit maximizing price. (c) Assume that the government puts a price ceiling on the monopolist at P =22. How...
Consider a competitive market characterized by the following supply and demand formulas: Demand: P = 105...
Consider a competitive market characterized by the following supply and demand formulas: Demand: P = 105 - 0.25QD Supply: P = 0.275QS (c) With the aid of a diagram, carefully explain what would happen in this market if the government were to impose a price ceiling of $30 per unit in this market. As part of your answer calculate the size of the deadweight loss associated with this price control.
Consider a market that faces the following market supply and demand functions Q S = 2 + p
Consider a market that faces the following market supply and demand functions Q S = 2 + p Q D = 10- 1/2 p where identical firms face the total cost function of T C = 4 + q + q2 a) What is the market price? b) Derive the average variable cost, average total cost, and marginal cost functions. c) In the short run, how much does each firm produce? d) In the short run, how much economic profit...
Consider a market where inverse demand is given by P = 40 − Q, where Q...
Consider a market where inverse demand is given by P = 40 − Q, where Q is the total quantity produced. This market is served by two firms, F1 and F2, who each produce a homogeneous good at constant marginal cost c = $4. You are asked to analyze how market outcomes vary with industry conduct: that is, the way in which firms in the industry compete (or don’t). First assume that F1 and F2 engage in Bertrand competition. 1....
Consider a perfectly competitive market where the market demand curve is p(q) = 1000-q. Suppose there...
Consider a perfectly competitive market where the market demand curve is p(q) = 1000-q. Suppose there are 100 firms in the market each with a cost function c(q) = q2 + 1. (a) Determine the short-run equilibrium. (b) Is each firm making a positive profit? (c) Explain what will happen in the transition into the long-run equilibrium. (d) Determine the long-run equilibrium.
#1) Consider a market with demand curve given by P = 90 - Q . The...
#1) Consider a market with demand curve given by P = 90 - Q . The total cost of production for one firm is given by TC(q) = (q2/2)+10 . The marginal cost of production is MC = q . a) If the market is perfectly competitive, find the supply curve for one firm. Explain. b) If the market price was $10, how many perfectly competitive firms are in the industry if they are identical? Explain. c) Find an expression...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT