Question

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

1. Most of the volume of normal human blood is composed of:

   	1.	red cells
   	2.	hemoglobin
   	3.	plasma
   	4.	white cells

QUESTION 2

1. Also called white blood cells

   	1.	Thrombocytes
   	2.	Erythrocytes
   	3.	Platelets
   	4.	Leukocytes

QUESTION 3

1. Platelets are formed from what type of cell?

   	1.	Melanocytes
   	2.	Macrophages
   	3.	Astrocytes
   	4.	Megakaryocytes

QUESTION 4

1. Which of the following statements is true regarding the ABO blood system?

   	1.	People who have the A antigen normally would not produce the anti-A antibody.
   	2.	People who are type AB normally produce both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
   	3.	The only ABO type blood that normally does not have either A or B antigens is AB.

QUESTION 5

1. Hematopoietic organs of fetus

   	1.	Liver and spleen
   	2.	Bone marrow of flat bone
   	3.	Kidney and spleen
   	4.	Epiphyses of long bone

QUESTION 6

1. The relatively clear liquid medium which carries the other cells of blood is called:

   	1.	lipid
   	2.	antibody
   	3.	plasma

QUESTION 7

1. Which of the following statements is true about the ABO blood system?

   	1.	It was discovered in the 1950's
   	2.	It was discovered by Karl Landsteiner
   	3.	Few people are actually typed for this system because of the difficulty of the procedure and high cost.
   	4.	a and b

1 points   

QUESTION 8

1. The hormone erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production in the red bone marrow. Where in the body is erythropoietin produced?

   	1.	Spleen
   	2.	Kidney
   	3.	Liver
   	4.	Thyroid

1 points   

QUESTION 9

1. Hematopoietic organs of adults

   	1.	Liver and spleen
   	2.	Kidney and spleen
   	3.	Epiphyses of long bone
   	4.	Bone marrow of flat bone

1 points   

QUESTION 10

1. When a fetus' blood is agglutinated by its mother's Rh antibodies, the severe anemia that results is called:     

   	1.	immunization
   	2.	ectopic pregnancy
   	3.	erythroblastosis fetalis

1 points   

QUESTION 11

1. Average value of an adult's hematocrit

   	1.	80 %
   	2.	45 %
   	3.	70%
   	4.	30%

1 points   

QUESTION 12

1. Thrombocytes are not blood cells

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 13

1. Hematopoiesis

   	1.	formation and maturation of blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells
   	2.	breakdown of red blood cells
   	3.	formation of leukocytes
   	4.	color pigment of red blood cells

Answer 1

1) 3)Plasma takes up the most volume in blood accounting to an average of 55% of blood volume. seconded by RBC(40-45%l, Plasma is a straw coloured fluid in which all the cells are suspended and moved about from one body part to the other.

2) 4) Leukocytes, where leuko means white and cytes means cells, it has two parts, granulocytes(neutrophil, eosinophils, basophil) and agranulocytes(lymphocytes and macrophages)

3) 4) megakaryocytes are the mother cells of platelet from which by a process called extension of its cytoplasm and separation(fragments) platelets are formed which don't have a nucleus, this is mediated by by thrombopoetin, which accelerates this process when needed.

4) 1) according to Landsteiners law, if one RBC is having a particular antigen then it won't have the antibody against this antigen and opposite also applies.

5) 1) Liver and spleen takes up the job of erythropoiesis during the fetal development until birth after which this is taken care of by all bones long and flat initially, but later only exclusively by flat bones and the working marrow portion of long bones.

6) 3) plasma is that straw coloured fluid in which all blood cells are suspended and transported, it contains most of the hormones and nutrients and ions also dissolved in it.

7) 2) it was discovered by Landsteiner in the year 1900-01 and he was awarded Nodel prize for this in 1930 for this pioneering work.

8) 2) Kidney is where all of the erythropoietin is produced, to be more precise of which, are by the interstitial fibroblast which pick up the cellular hypoxia, the trigger for increased production of this, they take help from the PCT and peritubular capillary to detect this.

9) 4) Bone marrow of flat bones are the ultimate areas of erythropoiesis, namely the pelvis, sternum and ribs and vertebral bodies. And all other embryonic and fetal sources will just lose its potential of erythropoiesis.

10) 3) erythroblastosis foetalis, Rh incompatibility syndrome that occurs when a Rh -ve mother is having a Rh+be baby in her uterus and at some point of time usually during delivery blood gets mixed and causes formation of aanti Rh antibodies, here this first child usually escapes unharmed, but if the successful ones are also RH-ve the antibodies will cross the placenta and cause severe destruction of RBC and will be causing severe anemia.

11) 2) 45% .  Hematocrit or Packed cell volume refers to the fraction of red blood cells in Blood, it usually ranges from 43-48%. And this is usually done by gentrifying the blood for some minutes and checking the height as seen in a graduated tube giving the percentage markings.

12) thrombocytes are NOT TRULY cells but only a fragment of a cell called Megakaryocytes which undergo fragmentation to give rise to 1000s of platelets, so they are Blood cell fragments.

13) 1) hematopoiesis refers to the stages of formation and maturation of blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow(mostly).