Question

As a first-year nursing student, you are a member of class learning group. In finding ways to

modify and improve learning outcomes of the group, explain how learning activities in your

group can be promoted from the following perspectives in psychology.

A. Cognitive perspective

B. Socio-cultural perspective

C. Psychodynamic perspective

D. Behavioural perspective

Answer 1

(A) COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE: It involves the mental process of receiving and processing information, and with effective cognitive process ,learning is easier and new information can be stored in the memory for a long time.

*Cognition is the mental process of gaining knowledge and understanding through the senses,experience and thought.

* It relates the new concept to the concepts which are already learned to understand .

Examples: Asking students to reflect on their experience and learn,

Checking temperature of a patient with fever.How much was the temperature and what they did ?

Asking students to justify and explain their ideas and thinking about the concept.

*ENCOURAGE EACH GROUP MEMBERS TO THINK OF THEIR IDEAS AND EXPERIENCE OF ONE PARTICULAR CONCEPT THAT YOU ARE LEARNING AND EXPLAIN .

(B)SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE: Learning is influenced by social interactions ,interpersonal relations and communication with others.

* Learning can be enhanced when the learner has an opportunity to interact and to collaborate with others .

* Culture refers to characteristics of the individual with the society, it includes values , beliefs , behaviour ,etc

* This perspective emphasize the influence of society in the process of learning.

* According to socio-cultural approach ,cultural factors such as language social norms and social structures can play a significant role in the development of cognitive abilties and learning.

* Socio-cultural perspective improves the students social interactions in the group and there by improve learning .

STUDENTS SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND , LANGUAGE , BELIEVES , SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AFFECTS

LEARNING .

(C)PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE: Our behaviour and feeling are powerfully affected by unconscious motives.

*Sigmunt Freud believed that we are aware of a small amount of our mind's activities and most of it remains hidden from us in our unconscious mind the informationn in our unconscious mind affects our behaviour even though we are unaware of it.

*The impact of child hood experinces can affect personality learning and mental health.

(D) BEHAVIOURAL PERSPECTIVE: It says that human behaviours are learned, not innate .

* It emphasizes that behaviour is mostly learned throug conditioning and reinforcement .

* Positive reinforcement can help in improving behavior .

* Learning can be sucessfull with behaviour reinforcement .