The following experiment is carried out in a physiology lab. Red blood cells are placed in...

The following experiment is carried out in a physiology lab. Red blood cells are placed in different solutions: distilled water, 0.45% saline, 0.9% saline, 5% urea, and 5% glucose. The molecular mass for each molecule is given: NaCl = 58.44 gm/mole; urea = 60.06 gm/mole; glucose = 180.16 gm/mole.

For each of the solutions used, calculate the osmolarity. To do this, you will need to convert solutions given in percents to osmolarity. A 0.45% saline solution has 0.45 gm/100 mL NaCl, or 4.5 gm/L. The same is true for the other molecules.

Fill in the osmolarity of each solution to the nearest integer using the choices provided.

Distilled water = ... mOsm
0.45% saline = ... mOsm
0.9% saline = ... mOsm
2.0% urea = ... mOsm
5% glucose = ... mOsm

The choices are: 308, 77, 0, 154, 520, 833

Expert Solution

Sydney Mullin answered 2 years ago

The cell membranes of mammalian red blood cells are permeable to urea. If red blood cells...

The cell membranes of mammalian red blood cells are permeable to urea. If red blood cells are dropped into a solution of urea that is identical in osmotic pressure (isosmotic) to the cytoplasm of the cells, although the cells do not swell and burst as quickly as when they are dropped simply into pure water, they eventually swell and burst. Explain. Also discuss how you would design a solution into which red cells could be placed without ever swelling. (Hint:...

In an experiment to isolate the lipids from horse red blood cells, one of the steps...

In an experiment to isolate the lipids from horse red blood cells, one of the steps is too "Add 500µL of 10mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH. 7.0). Resuspend the pellet thoroughly by vortexing." What happens in this step of the lipid isolation period? (hint: the supernatant in the next centrifuge step will be red)

Osmosis and Tonicity experiment: Red blood cells prefer an isotonic (isosmotic) environment. What happens to red...

Osmosis and Tonicity experiment: Red blood cells prefer an isotonic (isosmotic) environment. What happens to red blood cells place into a hypertonic (hyperosmotic) environment? Why is that bad for a patient? What happens to red blood cells placed into a hypotonic (hypoosmotic) environment? Why is that bad for a patient?

In an experiment, where we need to isolate lipids from horse red blood cells, one of...

In an experiment, where we need to isolate lipids from horse red blood cells, one of the steps is too "Add 100µL of choloform;methanol (9:1) and mix vigorously to dissolve the membrane lipids. " What happens in this step, what would happen if you added water instead of chloroform/methanol?

The following experiment was carried out to evaluate a drug for the prevention of heart attacks....

The following experiment was carried out to evaluate a drug for the prevention of heart attacks. The subjects were 3,900 middle-aged men with heart trouble. Out of these men, 1,100 were assigned at random to receive the drug, and the remaining 2,800 were given a placebo. The subjects were followed for five years. In the group that received the drug, there were 220 deaths; in the control group, 2 there were 588 deaths. The 220 is 20% of the treatment...

Red blood cells in the lungs are sufficiently oxygenated to carry out aerobe glycolysis. Why do...

Red blood cells in the lungs are sufficiently oxygenated to carry out aerobe glycolysis. Why do they, however, metabolize glycose to lactate?

Describe the origin and lifecycle of the red blood cells.

1. Which of these cells is capable of phagocytosis? Red blood cells NK cells Mast cells...

1. Which of these cells is capable of phagocytosis? Red blood cells NK cells Mast cells Dendritic cells 2. Which of these chemicals aids in inducing apoptosis in a virally-infected cell? Histamine Eicosanoids Heparin Granzyme 3. Which of these cell types is capable of producing cytotoxic chemicals against a multicellular parasite? Dendritic cells Mast cells Eosinophils

Someone with AB+ blood has red blood cells with the A, B and Rh _________ on...

Someone with AB+ blood has red blood cells with the A, B and Rh _________ on the surface of their red blood cells. They do not have any__________ circulating in their plasma. They are the universal recipient because they can receive any blood type in a transfusion without the danger of a __________ reaction.

13. Which of the following will migrate the farthest when an electrophoresis experiment is carried out...

13. Which of the following will migrate the farthest when an electrophoresis experiment is carried out at pH 7? a) Proline (pI=6.3) b) Glycine (pI=6.0) c) Serine (pI=5.7) d) Histidine (pI=7.6) e) Aspartic acid (pI=2.8)

Question