Question

1) female mice give birth during spring when food avalibility is at a peak. This is an example of allostatic load

a) True

b)False

2) Sodium is neccessary for neural function and depletion can lead to death

a) true

b) false

3) Lesioning of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in a mouse followed by implantation of the SCN from another mouse will ultimatley result in

a) restoaration of the ultradian but not circadian rhythms

b) the rhythm of recipient resuming its original phase with the envirorment

c) restoration of all circadian rhythms

d) restoration of behavioral circadian rhythms but not endocrine rhythms

4) What is the single most defining characteristic of a true biological rhythm

a) it can be entrained by envirormental cues

b) it is seld sustaining

c) all true biological rhythms are circadian

d) it requires a zeitgeber

Answer 1

Sol:

1A.

• Option B : False
• Allostatic load accumulates when an individual is exposed to repeated or chronic stress.
• Predictive regulation refers to brains ability to anticipate needs and prepare to fulfill them before they arise. Thus reducing the Allostatic load.

2A.

• Option A : True.
• Sodium is necessary for generation of nerve impulses and maintenance of electrolyte balance in the body.
• The renin-angiotensin system regulate signal transduction in human central nervous system which depends on sodium ion movement across cell membrane.
• Apart from these Na is mandate for heart activity and various other metabolic functions.

3A.

• Option C is correct.
• Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a small region in the hypothalamus controlling circadian rhythms.
• The neuronal and hormonal activities generated by SCN regulates many different body functions in a 24 hour cycle - like sleep,physical activity,body temperature,aletness,digestive activity etc.

4A.

• Option C is correct.
• All true biological rhythms are circadian.
• circadian rhythm is a natural,endogenous process that regulates sleep-wake cycle and repeats roughly every 24 hours.