Can anyone explain ligands, complex ion and amphoteric substances that can act as an acid or...

Can anyone explain ligands, complex ion and amphoteric substances that can act as an acid or base. (simply terms - high school student) It is for a lab I did of separation and identification of metal cations and I do not understand this to write a discussion part on my lab report. thank you

Expert Solution

Ligands:

In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding between metal and ligand generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs. The nature of metal-ligand bonding can range from covalent to ionic. Furthermore, the metal-ligand bond order can range from one to three. Ligands are viewed as Lewis bases, although rare cases are known to involve Lewis acidic "ligand."

Complex ion:

A complex ion has a metal ion at its centre with a number of other molecules or ions surrounding it. These can be considered to be attached to the central ion by co-ordinate (dative covalent) bonds

Amphoteric substances:

An amphoteric substance is a substance that has the ability to act either as an acid or a base. Remember that acids donate protons (or accept electron pairs), and bases accept protons. Amphoteric substances can do either. So, we can think of an amphoteric substance as something like a double agent.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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