Question

describe the important concepts about vertebrate biology?

Answer 1

BASICALLY THE VERETBRATES ARE ORGANISMS HAVING A BACK BONE THAT IS A VERTEBEAL COLUMN. VERTEBRATES ARE A SUBPHYLUM UNDER THE PHYLUM CHORDATA.VERETBRATES INCLUDE ALL SPECIES UNDER THE SUBPHYLUM VERETEBRATA. VERETBRATES INCLUDE PISCES , AMPHIBIANS , REPTILIANS , AVES AND MAMMALS.

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTEBRATES:

THE MEMBERS OF SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA POSSES NOTOCHORD DURING THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD. THE NOTOCHORD IS REPLACED BY A CARTLAGINOUS OR BONY VERETEBRAL COLUMN IN THE ADULT.

VERTEBRATES HAVE A VENTRAL MUSCULAR HEART WITH , TWO , THREE OR FOUR CHAMBERS .ALL VERTEBRATES HAVE A CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.

THEY HAVE KIDNEYS FOR EXCRETION AND OSMOREGULATION.

THEY HAVE PAIRED APPENDAGES GOR LOCOMOTION. THESE APPAENDAGES ARE FINS IN CASE OF AQUATIC SPECIES AND LIMBS IN CASE OF TERRESTRIAL SPECIES.

VERTEBRATES ARE THE ONLY SUBPHYLUM UNDER CHORDATES THAT HAVE BRAIN AS THEIR CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

ANOTHER DISTUINGUISHING FEATURE OF VERTEBRATES IS THEY HAVE AN ENDOSKELTON MAD UP OF BONE OR CARTILAGE.

ALL VERTEBRATES HAVE SKIN COVERED WITH HAIR , FUR , FEATHERS OR SCALES WHICH INSULATES AND PROTECTS THE BODY.

ALL VERTEBRATES HAVE AN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM OF GLANDS WHICH SECRETE HORMONES.

VERTEBRATES HAVE AN ADAPATIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM WHICH PROTECTS THE BODY FROM PATHOGENS.