whta is the strongest possible acid in a solution when water (H2O) i sthe solvent? what...

whta is the strongest possible acid in a solution when water (H₂O) i sthe solvent? what is the strongest possible acid in a solution when ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH or EtOH) i sthe solvent? what is the strongest possible acid in a solution when acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is the solvent ?

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Expert Solution

A) strongest possible acid in a solution when water (H2O) is the solvent is HYDROCHLORIC ACID (HCl)

The strength of an acid in Arrhenius definition, theBrønsted-Lowry definitionrefers to its ability or tendency to donate hydrogen cation. A strong acid is one that completely ionizes (dissociates) in a solution (provided there is sufficient solvent). In water, one mole of a strong acid HA dissolves yielding one mole of H⁺ (ashydronium ion H₃O⁺) and one mole of the conjugate base, A⁻. Essentially, none of the non-ionized acid HA remains.

Examples of strong acids are hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydroiodic acid (HI), hydrobromic acid (HBr), perchloric acid (HClO₄), nitric acid (HNO₃) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). In aqueous solution, each of these essentially ionizes 100%.

B) strong acid is perchloric acid, in methanol (or) ethnol,

hydrochloric acid becomes weak in these two solvents; acetic acid is appreciably weaker (less dissociated) than in aqueous solution.

c) The strongest acid perchloric acid that can exist in an amphiprotic solvent is the conjugate with acetic acid to produce the acetonium ion (acid2): HClO4 + CH3COOH =CH3COOH2⁺+CLO₄^-

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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