Question

Que 1) What is COVID-19?

Que 2) How is COVID-19 spread?

Que 3) How are people tested for COVID-19? (1 mark)

Que 4) What kind of PPE will you need to wear when looking after a resident with COVID-19? (2marks)

Answer 1

1.ANSWER

COVID -19

COVID-19 is a mid to severe respiratory illness that is caused by aa corona virus and characterised by fever , coughing and shortness of breath . Most people who fall sick with COVID -19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment .

the CO " stands for corona. VI ' for virus and D " for disease . Formerly , this disease was refered to as " 2019 novel corona virus " or "2019 -nCoV." The COVID -19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and some types of common cold.

2. ANSWER

COVID -19 Spread

the virus that causes COVID -19 is mainly transmitted through dropltes generated when an infected person coughs , sneezes , or exhales . These droplets are too heavy to hang in the air and quickly fall on floors or surfaces

The person can be infected by breathing in the virus if the person are within close proximity of someone who has COVID -19 or by touching a contaminated surface and then person eyes ,nose or mouth.

DROPLET INFECTION

when an infected person coughs ,sneezes or talks , droplers with th e virus fly into the air from theri nose or mouth .Anyone who is within 6 feet of that person can breathe those droplets into their lungs

AEROSOLISED TRANSMISSION

Research shows that the virus can live in the air for upto to 3 hours. When you breathe air that has the virus floating in it, it gets into your lungs.

SURFACE TRANSMISSION

A nother way to catch the new coronavirus is when you touch surfaces that someone who has the virus has coughed or sneezed on. You may touch a countertop or doorknob thatis contaminated and then touch your nose , mouth or eyes.the virus can live on surfaces like plastc and stainless steel for 2 to 3 days. To stop it, clean and disinfect all counters , knobs and other surfaces you and you rfamily touch several times a day.

FECAL -ORAL

the virus particles can be found i ninfected peoples poop. But experts are not sure whether the infection can spread through contact with an infected persons stool.if that person uses the bathroom and does wash t their hands , they could infect thing and people that they touch .

t he virus most ofetn spreads through people who hace symptoms. But it may be possible to pass it on without showing any sign. some people who dont know they have beeb infected can give to others. this is called asymptomatic spread. you can also pass it on before notice of any signs of infection called presymptomatic spread.

3.ANSWER

People tested for COVID -19

Different methods of testing are being experimented in the country to trace COVID -19 Infection. The health ministry has annonced the real time reverse transcription -polymerase chain reaction or RT-PCR is the gold standard frontline test for COVID -19 .This came into effect after the rapid antibody tests showed unreliable results.

Antibody tests also known as serological tests are used to find out the presence of virus in abody . in this method of testing , blood samples are used to find antibodies . this process also detects the quantityt of antibodies that are producrd by the immune system .

it is an indirect method of testing as it cannot find the virus, but can determine if the immune system has encountered it. Antibodies can show up between 9-28 days after the infection has set in. By this time ,an infected person can spread the disease , if not isolated.

the plan is to use acombination of both RT-PCR and antibody test to establish infection levels.

4.ANSWER

PPE TO WEAR FOR LOOKING RESIDENT WITH COVID -19

Personal protective equipments(PPE) are protective gears designed to safe gaurd the health of workers by minimizing the exposure to a biological agent.

- identify and gather the proper PPE to don . Ensure choice of gown size is correct

-perform hand hygiene using hand snitizer

-put on isolation gown .tie allof the ties on the gown .

-put on NIOSH -approved N95 f iltering face piece respirator or higher ( use face mask if a respirator not available)

- put on face shield or goggles

select the proper eye protection to ensure that respirator does not interfere with correct positioning of eye protection , and the eye protection does nto affect the fit or seal of the repirator. face sheils provide full coverage. googles also provide excellent protection for eyes , but foogging is common.

- put on gloves

gloves should cover the cuff (wrist) of gown.

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RT-PCR TEST

It is method of testing by taking a nasal / throat swab from a patient . It involves extracting ribonucleic acid or RNA which is the genetic material of the viirus.