Answer :
COVID-19 spreads between the people through direct or
indirect contact by droplet or aerosols, airborne
transmission and surface transmission. Direct contact through close
contact with infected people via mouth and nose secretions include
saliva, respiratory secretions or secretion droplets.
- Droplets or aerosols. When an infected person
coughs, sneezes, or talks, droplets or tiny particles called
aerosols that are able to stay suspended in the air for longer
periods of time, carry the virus into the air from their nose or
mouth. Anyone who is within 6 feet distance of that person get
infected through droplets get in to the mouth, nose or eyes .Strong
airflow could have propagate aerosols at a long distance. Large
respiratory droplet can travel only a short distance through
air..
- Airborne transmission. Airborne
transmission is the spread of an infectious agent caused by the
dissemination of droplet nuclei that remain infectious when
suspended in air over long distances and time. The virus can
survive in the air for up to 3 hours in some special circumstances.
It transmit into the lungs if an infected person cough, sneeze or
exhale air out and someone inhale the same air.In hospital
atmosphere airborne transmission may occour in specific
circumstances and settings in which procedures or support
treatments that generate aerosols (ie endotrachel intubation, open
suctioning, nebulization, bronchoscopy etc.)
- Surface transmission. People with the virus in
their noses and throats may leave infected droplets on objects and
surfaces when they sneeze, cough on, or touch surfaces, such as
tables, doorknobs and handrails, computer mouse, medical
equipments, cellular phones, toilet, room surface and floor etc .
Other people may become infected by touching these objects or
surfaces, then touching their eyes, noses or mouths before cleaning
their hands. These virus can survive on surfaces for several days
as per the characteristics of the surface.