The large scale structure of the universe has been carefully mapped using redshift surveys of a...

The large scale structure of the universe has been carefully mapped using redshift surveys of a very large number of galaxies. A. Suppose that a large telescope with modern equipment can measure the redshift to a galaxy in just 10 minutes. And suppose we want to spend no more than a year map- ping the distribution of galaxies. How many redshifts can be surveyed? B. There are about 100 billion galaxies in the visible universe. What fraction of the uni- verse has been mapped in a year? C. One way to measure more redshifts is to use different telescopes at different times of the year. Which is a better strategy? Be sure to explain why. A. Use a telescope in Arizona in July, and one in Chile in December. B. Use a telescope in Arizona in December, and on in Chile in July.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer:

(A). The large telescope with modern equipment can measure the redshift to a galaxy in just 10 minutes.

In a year there are 365 days and we assume that on average a night is 12 hour long.

( As we can use telescope to measure galaxies only at night: otherwise duribg daytime the radiation from the Sun can obscure that from the other galaxies)

Then, the total time we can use to measure redshifts is = ( 3651260) minute = 262800 minutes .

So, the number of redshifts surveyed in a year is = (262800 10) = 26280

Therefore, 262800 redshifts can be surveyed in a year .

(B). There are about 100 billion galaxies in the visible universe.

100 billion =

Then the fraction of the universe has been mapped in a year is

or ( approximately)

so, over an entire year of survey we are able to map only one 3.8 millionth of the universe .

(C). In the month of july in Arizona it is summer and during mid july through august thunderstrom activities take place. So , July is not a good time to survey the galaxies in Arizona.

On the other hand it is summer in the month of december in Chile.

The winter season comes to Arizona in december and Chile in july offering clear and dark sky.

So the better strategy is to (B) Use a telescope in Arizona in December, and on in Chile in July.

genius_generous answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

1. A scale measuring prejudice has been administered to a large sample of respondents. The distribution...

1. A scale measuring prejudice has been administered to a large sample of respondents. The distribution of scores is approximately normal, with a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 5. What percent of the sample had scores…a. Below 20? b. Below 40? c. Between 30 and 40? d. Between 35 and 45? e. Above 25? f. Above 35?

The chains and sheets of galaxies and voids between them observed in the large scale structure...

The chains and sheets of galaxies and voids between them observed in the large scale structure of the universe were once thought to be contradictory with the big bang theory. Why are these observations now considered to be evidence that supports the big bang theory.

There have been two recent examples of large scale fiscal policy in the US. After the...

There have been two recent examples of large scale fiscal policy in the US. After the Great Recession, Congress passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) in 2009. In 2017, Congress passed a tax reform bill. Consider the state of the economy in 2009 for the ARRA and in 2017 for the tax bill. What were the intended effects of each bill based on the state of the economy of the time? What were the actual effects? (For the...

A straightforward interpretation of your data suggests a universe of galaxies that has been expanding for...

A straightforward interpretation of your data suggests a universe of galaxies that has been expanding for over 10 billion years. How do you incorporate this information into your view of God as Creator? Do you interpret the Biblical account of creation as stating that God created the entire universe of galaxies and stars at the same time He put man on Earth?

QUESTION FOUR “The doctrine laid down in Salomon has to be watched carefully. It has been...

QUESTION FOUR “The doctrine laid down in Salomon has to be watched carefully. It has been supposed to cast a veil over the personality of a limited liability company through which the courts cannot see. But this is not true. The courts can and often do draw aside the veil. They can and often do pull off the mask. They look to see what really lies behind”. Discuss

Suppose the happiness of six teams has been measured on a scale that has a normally...

Suppose the happiness of six teams has been measured on a scale that has a normally distributed population with a standard deviation of 3. Just for fun, you sample 33 six teams from this population and obtain a mean happiness of 23.95 and a standard deviation of 3.5006. Using an alpha value of α = 0.01, is this observed mean significantly different than an expected happiness of 22? (Two Tailed) State Null and Alternate Hypotheses. Apply test. Write your conclusion...

1. The minimum efficient scale of production is such that an industry has only four large...

1. The minimum efficient scale of production is such that an industry has only four large firms. This would be termed ____________. A. a four-firm industry B. an oligopoly C. a cartel D. a natural monopoly 2. In an oligopoly with a few large firms, which of the following is true? A. Each firm has independent control over the price it sets. B. Firms are interdependent. C. Firms fail to try to maximize profits. D. Each firm adjusts its price...

There is an enzyme “amylase” used in Bioethanol production at large scale. The enzyme has excellent...

There is an enzyme “amylase” used in Bioethanol production at large scale. The enzyme has excellent Kcat and Km values but there is issue of thermostability. The enzyme cannot work beyond 50oC temperature which is not optimum for industry. We have been giving a target to increase its thermostability by using Rational Design. Can you please let us know that which region (Helix, Sheet, Loops) will be targeted to increase thermostability of enzyme and why?

You have recently been promoted to district manager of a large scale restaurant chain which specializes...

You have recently been promoted to district manager of a large scale restaurant chain which specializes in affordable meals in a pleasant environment. In accordance with management objectives, you are responsible for increasing sales of appetizers by 20 percent by the next quarter for the 15 locations in your area. Keeping channel richness in mind, how will you make contact with the restaurant employees to facilitate the sales increase? Organizational Behavior

a large hotel chain, has been using activity-based costing to determine the cost of a night's...

a large hotel chain, has been using activity-based costing to determine the cost of a night's stay at their hotels. One of the activities, "Inspection," occurs after a customer has checked out of a hotel room. Fitzgerald inspects every 10th room and has been using "number of rooms inspected" as the cost driver for inspection costs. A significant component of inspection costs is the cost of the supplies used in each inspection. Dawn McAdams, the chief inspector, is wondering whether...

Subjects