Question

Explain two domestic and two external factors that shape the foreign policy of any two countries.

Answer 1

Foreign Policy of any two countries

Foreign policy of a country means, the objectives and activities of a country with the other countries. The development of a country's foreign policy is very much depended on its domestic considerations. A country's traditional values reflects through its foreing policy. It helps to safeguard and promote the national interests of those countries which are engaged each other with their foreign policies.   

The main objective of foreign policy is to solve international problems diplomatically. In each country President is the most responsible person for the formation and implementation of foreign policy.

Foreign Policy of India

The main objective of foeign policy is to maintain international peace. India's foreign policy is based on peaceful co-existence, friendship and co-operation among all the countries of the world. Anti-colonialism and non-alignment policies are the mile stones of India's foreign policy. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India is considered as the father of India's foreign policy. According to him, "the idealism of today is the realism of tomorrow."

Foreign Policy of China

China's foreign policy can be described as the strategic relationships with the neighbouring countries. According to China Pakistan is a "good friend and partner". On the other hand Pakistan referred to China as "time - tested and all weather friend".  

The following are the main characteristics of China's foreign policy.

i. maintaining independence

ii. maintaining world peace

iii. friendly relations and cooperation

iv. enhanced unity and cooperation with developing countries

v. Opening policy - eqitable international political and economic order based on peace and stability.

Following are the external factors that shape a country's foreign policy.

i. global challenges

ii. international law and military strength

Following are the internal factors that shape a country's foreign policy.

i. political accountability

ii. geographical and economic factors