Question

For each of the following: 1. Write the four quantum numbers (estimate m_l and m_s) 2. Write the ground state electron configuration (shorthand and full notation) 3. Write out the arrow notation 4. Indicate how many unpaired electrons there are 5. Determine the amount of valence elctrons there are and draw the cooresponding Lewis Dot Formula a. N b. Ge c. Pb d. Mo e. Ca²⁺   f. Cl-

Answer 1

1. Quantum numbers as follows,

I will tell you how to write the quantum number for N and then you can do the same for the rest of the species.

N atomic number = 7

principle quantum number "n" = 7

Azimuthal quantum number "l" = n-1 = 7-1 = 6

magnetic quantum number "m" = 2l+1

spin quantum number "s" = +1/2 and -1/2

We will write this tabular format. he values for each quantum number are as given below.

Atomic number ..............n....................l....................m................s................orbital name

7.....................................1....................0...................0................+1/2.................1s

7.....................................1....................0...................0................+1/2.................1s

7.....................................2....................0...................0................+1/2.................2s

7.....................................2....................0...................0................+1/2.................2s

7.....................................2...................1...................-1................+1/2.................2p

7.....................................2...................1....................0................+1/2.................2p

7.....................................2...................1.............. ...+1................+1/2.................2p

2. Ground state electronic configuration for N is 1s2 2s2 2p3

3. The spin for n=7, First fill two electrons with opposite side arrow spin in 1s orbital. Then the electrons will have spin pointing single side up arrows first in the 2s orbital similar to the 1s orbital filling, then pair the other two valence electrons in the 2s orbital as flipped single side down arrow. Then fill the remaining 3 electrons in the 2p orbital all spin (single side arrow) pointing above.

4. N has 3 unpaired electrons.

5. N with one lone pair and 5 valence shell of electrons in 2s and three electrons in 2p orbitals is represented as in lewis dot structure as, :N:(.) with two electron pair and one single electron on it.