Question

Andretti Company has a single product called a Dak. The company normally produces and sells 124,000 Daks each year at a selling price of $44 per unit. The company’s unit costs at this level of activity are given below: Direct materials $ 6.50 Direct labor 12.00 Variable manufacturing overhead 3.30 Fixed manufacturing overhead 6.00 ($744,000 total) Variable selling expenses 4.70 Fixed selling expenses 5.50 ($682,000 total) Total cost per unit $ 38.00 A number of questions relating to the production and sale of Daks follow. Each question is independent. Required: 1-a. Assume that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 155,000 Daks each year without any increase in fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The company could increase its unit sales by 25% above the present 124,000 units each year if it were willing to increase the fixed selling expenses by $150,000. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of investing an additional $150,000 in fixed selling expenses? 1-b. Would the additional investment be justified? 2. Assume again that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 155,000 Daks each year. A customer in a foreign market wants to purchase 31,000 Daks. If Andretti accepts this order it would have to pay import duties on the Daks of $3.70 per unit and an additional $21,700 for permits and licenses. The only selling costs that would be associated with the order would be $2.40 per unit shipping cost. What is the break-even price per unit on this order? 3. The company has 400 Daks on hand that have some irregularities and are therefore considered to be "seconds." Due to the irregularities, it will be impossible to sell these units at the normal price through regular distribution channels. What is the unit cost figure that is relevant for setting a minimum selling price? 4. Due to a strike in its supplier’s plant, Andretti Company is unable to purchase more material for the production of Daks. The strike is expected to last for two months. Andretti Company has enough material on hand to operate at 25% of normal levels for the two-month period. As an alternative, Andretti could close its plant down entirely for the two months. If the plant were closed, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would continue at 35% of their normal level during the two-month period and the fixed selling expenses would be reduced by 20% during the two-month period. a. How much total contribution margin will Andretti forgo if it closes the plant for two months? b. How much total fixed cost will the company avoid if it closes the plant for two months? c. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of closing the plant for the two-month period? d. Should Andretti close the plant for two months? 5. An outside manufacturer has offered to produce 124,000 Daks and ship them directly to Andretti’s customers. If Andretti Company accepts this offer, the facilities that it uses to produce Daks would be idle; however, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would be reduced by 30%. Because the outside manufacturer would pay for all shipping costs, the variable selling expenses would be only two-thirds of their present amount. What is Andretti’s avoidable cost per unit that it should compare to the price quoted by the outside manufacturer?

Answer 1

1-a.	Selling price				44
	Less: Variable cost
	Direct materials			6.5
	Direct labor			12
	Variable manufacturing overhead			3.3
	Variable selling expenses			4.7	26.5
	Contribution per unit				17.5
	Financial advantage of additional investment:
	Additional units produced			(124000*25%)	31000
	Contribution per unit				17.5
	Additional contribution				542500
	Less: Additional investment				150000
	Financial advantage				392500
1-b.	Additional investment is justified since there is a financial advantage of $ 392500
2	Break-even price=(Fixed cost/production volume)+Variable cost per unit
	Fixed cost=$ 21700
	Variable cost per unit:
	Direct materials			6.5
	Direct labor			12
	Variable manufacturing overhead			3.3
	Variable selling expenses			2.4
	Import duties			3.7	27.9
	Break-even price=(21700/31000)+27.9=$ 28.6 per unit
3	Minimum selling price=Variable selling cost per unit=$ 4.7
	(All other costs are sunk cost)
4a.	Contribution margin foregone=124000*25%*2/12*17.5=$ 90417
4b.	Fixed cost avoided:
	Fixed manufacturing overhead cost (744000*2/12*0.65)		80600
	Fixed selling expenses (682000*2/12*0.20)			22733
	Total						103333
4c.	Financial advantage:
	Fixed cost avoided						103333
	Less:Contribution foregone						90417
	Financial advantage						12916
4d.	Andretti should close the plant since it results in a financial advantage of $ 12916
5	Avoidable cost per unit:
	Direct materials (124000*6.5)						806000
	Direct labor (124000*12)						1488000
	Variable manufacturing overhead (124000*3.3)						409200
	Fixed manufacturing overhead cost (744000*0.30)						223200
	Variable selling expenses (124000*4.7*1/3)						194267
	Avoidable cost						3120667
	Units produced						124000
	Avoidable cost per unit						25.17