Question

True or false: Urban sprawl is mainly caused by “fundamental forces”. Explain your answer.

What is “brain drain” and what role does it play in migration?

Explain the concept of equilibrium in the context of urban/regional economics. What do we mean when we say a city or region is an equilibrium?

Answer 1

True, Urban sprawls is mainly caused by fundamental forces. It is characterised due to Low density, single family dwellings, undefined edge between urban and rural areas,automobile dependency, strip development etc. The main sources of sprawl is due to rising cities population, rising income and falling commuting costs. Sprawls are derived from these fundamental forces.

Brain drain is basically migration of skilled human labour, it's most important assest of a designated country, it's trade professions and it mainly happens due to the unavailability of opportunity in your own region. People in search of jobs, business and other opportunities often migrate from developing countries for Better education and job opportunities and a higher standard of living are cited among the reasons for this outflow of trained personnel. So the biggest assest and major skilled and resourceful chunk of people migrate which is stated as Brain Drain with respect to their origin. Poor quality of life, political instability, limited healthcare results people to migrate.

Urban or regional equilibrium defines the level of perfect demand and supply at both ends in a region providing maximum satisfaction possible achieved.