Question

Planning community bases intervention for target population (importance of vitamin D of female) as following
1-Primary Prevention:
2-Secondary Prevention:
3-Tertiary Prevention:

Answer 1

Primary prevention:

Health Promotion

• Health education should be provided to all women regarding the importance of vitamin-D
• Women should be told the importance for exposing themselves to sunlight early in the morning.
• Women should be encouraged to consume a balanced diet.
• Avoid rigid eating habits and fancy diets that are deficient in micro-nutrients.
• Exercise regularly (preferentially during early morning hours.

Specific protection

• Fortification of commonly used foodstuff with vitamin D
• People with high risk of vit-D deficiency should be given Vit-D supplements

Secondary prevention:

• People at high risk of Vit-D deficiency ( Women who dont leave their homes and got outside, who are clothed head to toe, strict vegetarians) should be screened for vitamin D deficiency.
• Serum Vit-D levels should be measure.
• People found to have low Vit-D level should also be screened for infections like tuberculosis ( as Vit-D assists in phagocytic function)
• Vitamin D deficiency should be treated with Vit-D supplements.

Tertiary function:

• Women with diagnosed vitamin D deficiency should be treated with vit-D supplements.
• They should also be assessed for osteoporosis. If diagnosed with osteoporosis, the patient should be treated for vitamin D deficiency first followed by bisphosphonates.
• Orthopedic referral should be made in the case of pathological fractures.