Operating System:

what is the difference between Synchronous & Asynchronous I/O.

In the following class:

public class Truth

{

private boolean yes_no;

...

}

Create constructor, setter and getter methods, and toString method.

write a C++ program that :

1. Perform a rot13 substitution

2. Perform a caesar encryption given a dictionary

3. Perform a caesar decryption given a dictionary

4. Create a random caesar cipher dictionary

If user prints:

-r : Perform rot13 substitution

-g : generate a random caesar cipher dictionary.

-e: Encrypt using the caesar cipher

-d : Decrypt using the caesar cipher

The format for the caesar cipher dictionary is a file with 26 pairs of letters, one per letter of the

alphabet, in alphabetical order. Each pair has two letters: the plaintext letter and the ciphertext

letter. The pairs are separated by whitespace. While the dictionary contains only lowercase

letters, the mappings also apply for uppercase letters. Note that the ciphertext letters must be

unique; you cannot have two different plaintext letters that map to the same ciphertext letter.

You also cannot have a plaintext letter map to itself.

Example :   

as

bv

cg

dl

ep

.... 26 unique pair of letters

For all of the substitution operations, all upper and lower case letters on input should be

substituted (or rotated as the case may be) before being output. All other characters are simply

copied unchanged from input to output.

If the first argument is missing, the program should print MISSING COMMAND, then stop.

If the first argument is not one of the four listed above, print the first argument followed by a

space and NOT A VALID COMMAND, then stop.

For -r, there is an optional second argument. If provided, it is the name of the file to read from. If

it is not provided, the program should read from standard input. The output should be generated

to the standard output. If a filename is provided but the file cannot open for any reason, the

program should print the filename followed by a space and FILE COULD NOT BE OPENED,

then stop.

For -g, the dictionary should be printed to the standard output. You must ensure that each

plaintext letter maps to a unique ciphertext letter,

​and that no letter maps to itself.

For both -e and -d there is a required second argument, which is the filename of the dictionary.

If the second argument is missing, print the message NO DICTIONARY GIVEN, and stop. If the

dictionary cannot open for any reason, the program should print the filename followed by a

space and DICTIONARY COULD NOT BE OPENED, then stop.When reading the dictionary,

you must ensure that each plaintext letter maps to a unique ciphertext letter.

​If you find a case

where the dictionary does not contain a two-letter pair, print FORMATTING ERROR

followed by a space and the entry that you read, and stop. If you find a case where a

ciphertext is duplicated, the program should print DUPLICATE CIPHERTEXT L, where L is

the duplicated letter, and stop. If you find a plaintext that maps to the same letter in

ciphertext, the program should print MAPPING ERROR L, where L is the plaintext letter,

and stop.

​If you find a case where the dictionary is not in alphabetical order, you must print

MISSING LETTER L, where L is the missing letter, and stop.

Both -e and -d support an optional third argument, which is the file to read from. If it is not

provided, the program should read from standard input. The output should be generated to the

standard output. If a filename is provided but the file cannot open for any reason, the program

should print the filename followed by a space and FILE COULD NOT BE OPENED, then stop.

In all cases if there are too many command line arguments, your program should print TOO

MANY ARGUMENTS, then stop.

For this assignment, write a program that will generate three randomly sized sets of random numbers using DEV C++

To use the random number generator, first add a #include statement for the cstdlib library to the top of the program:

#include <cstdlib>

Next, initialize the random number generator. This is done by calling the srand function and passing in an integer value (known as a seed value). This should only be done ONE time and it MUST be done before actually getting a random number. A value of 1 (or any integer literal) will generate the same sequence of "random" numbers every time the program is executed. This can be useful for debugging:

srand(1);

To get a different series of random numbers each time the program is run, the actual time that the program is run can be passed as the seed value for the random number generator. This is done as follows:

srand(time(0));

If the time function is used, make sure to include the ctime library as well.

Note: the two srand instructions that are listed above are simple examples of how to use the instruction. In a program, only one version will be used.

Now that the random number generator has been initialized, a random number can be generated by calling the rand function:

num = rand();

The above line of C++ code will generate a "random" integer between 0 and RAND_MAX and saves the value in an integer variable named num. RAND_MAX is a pre-defined constant that is equal to the maximum possible random number. It is implementation dependent but is guaranteed to be at least 32,767.

Modulus division can be used to restrict the "random" integer to a smaller range:

num = rand() % 7;

will produce a value between 0 and 6. To change the range to 1 through 7, simply add 1:

num = rand() % 7 + 1;

To get random values that are within a specified range that starts at a value other than 0 or 1:

num = minimum_value + (rand() % (maximum_value - minimum_value + 1));

So, to get values within the range 3 - 17:

num = 3 + (rand() % (17 - 3 + 1));

Run 1 (using srand(5);) on Windows PC

There are 59 numbers in the first set of numbers.

 93 55 49 60 30 27 49 72 40 14 21 33 76 26  7 63  7 50 31 17
 92 93 11 36 49 52 83 22 31 51 69 59 10 53 15 22 87 83 34 86
  6 54 85 15 19 60 15 46 12 84  5 91 59 33 99 70  4 17 36

There are 235 numbers in the second set of numbers.

 66 38  1 36 10 89 90 93 51  6 35 50 68 46 82 75 35 82 60 53
 40  9 53 85 90 16 39 93 63 85 86 84 17 58 78 60 19 67 85  0
 26 71 80 74 78 85 43 73 33 29 39 56 61 75 92 83 55 86 19 66
 70 86 21 75 46 58 72  2 51 47 82 16 17 91 16 68 41 25  9 86
 51 33 67 89 61 46 73 82 24 91 49 43 54 27 32 72 76 96 16 97
 97  5 73 27 58 86 52 68  7 68 59 61 98  2 25 86 75 16 93 89
 32 82 68 74 21 71 20 67 94 58 30 70  0 72 24 95 86  8 87 36
 77 71 14 26 46  8 76  2 50 55 19 24 46 16 34 71 33 71 60 25
 58  5 93 11 86 34 72 32 33 80 42 30  0 10 38 58 67 98 45 26
 24 24 28 84 36 17  0  4 60 95 69 60 55 69 42 40 26 93 32 53
  0 28 64 74 75 17 30 72 30 54 48 37  8 39  4 44 65 81  5 43
 28 98 67 63 69 14 68 63 80 73 89 58 17 82 22

There are 205 numbers in the third set of values.

 81 40 35 33 69 58 56 79 66  0  2 24 65 35 50 84  7 26 85 35
 88 75 24 58 16 20 38 23 18  7 44 52 16 82 36 47 22 31 30 21
 78 59 54 88  0 17 90 81 87 73 59 58 60 94 49 92 22 29 81  1
 97 39 49 71 59 32 90 36 55 33 25 97 40 23 34 81 66 29 38 88
 35 88  2 55  5 45 44 94 34 83 26 91 16 85 10 64  1 66 28 96
 66 87 18 34 60 53 83 90 23 12 65 84 71 75 98 31 35  5 29 22
 72 51 22 37 38 51 62 26 56 12 23  1 22 27 76 85 34 61 92 48
 68 42 32 78 95 54  6 32 67 26 51 62 36 25 93 59 54 51 25 45
 15 54 55 73 19 51 24 36  2 79 19 97 23 66 91  5 91  1 27 20
 47 55 15 62 42 13 70 94 58 98 17  6 18 23 75 11 52 28 45 30
 89 95 32 95 49

Write a Scheme function that takes a list of integers and returns all odd integers on the list in the original order:

(odd-numbers `(2 4 9 16 25 7)) (9 25 7)

Hint: 2 (remainder 13 5) 3

Please explain every step

Let X and Y be two arrays and you want to find their longest common sequence (LCS). Describe how you can calculate it in a space complexity of O(min{|X|, |Y|}). NOT O(|X| * |Y|). Pseudocode is not necessary but a detailed explanation of the idea will be very helpful.

create a class in C++ having 

the following 4 private members:

one double variable representing the balance of a bank account

on string variable representing the bank account number

a function to deposit money from the bank account

a function to withdraw money from the bank account

the following 2 public members:

-two wrapper functions.

- one parameterless constructor

- one constructor initializing the account balance and account number

- sample:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class account
{
    public:
    account();
    account(string s, double m);
    
    void setMoney(double b);
    void getMoney(double b);
    
    private:
    double money;
    string accountNo;
    
    void withdraw(double b);
    void deposit(double b);
    
};

    account::account()
    {
       money=0;
       accountNo="12345";
    }
    account::account(string s, double m)
    {
       money=m;
       accountNo=s;       
    }
    
    void  account::withdraw(double b)
    {
        if(money<b)
        {
           cout<<"not enough"<<endl;
        }
        else
        {
            money = money-b;
        }
        cout<<"withdraw your new balance is "<<money<<endl;
    }
    void account::setMoney(double b)
    {
        deposit(b);
    }
    void  account::getMoney(double b)
    {
        withdraw(b); 
    }
    
    void  account::deposit(double b)
    {
        money = money+b;
        cout<<"deposit: your new balance is "<<money<<endl; 
    }

int main() 
{
   account a;
   
    a.setMoney(1000);
    a.getMoney(500);
    
   account b("23456", 1234);
    b.setMoney(2000);
    b.getMoney(600);
   
   return 0;
}

UPS relies on an information system. Shipped items are characterized by a unique item number, weight, dimensions, destination, and delivery date. Shipped items are received into the UPS system at a single retail center. Retail centers are identified by a unique ID and address. Sending Shipped items to their destination can be made through one or more standard UPS transportations. These transportations are identified by a unique schedule-Number, a type (e.g., flight, truck), and a delivery-Route.

Create an Entity Relationship diagram that captures this information about the UPS delivery system. Make sure to present the constraints.

What are the block tags and block indexes for the below 12-bit memory locations with 256-byte cache?
a. 0001 0110 1010, for 16-byte blocks with direct-mapped cache
b. 0010 0011 1011, for 4-byte blocks with 4-way associative cache

Compare First Come First Served Scheduling, and Round Robin Scheduling. In your comparison, include discussions of their potential advantages and disadvantages, and which scheduling scheme performs better under what job load conditions. (You need to give proper reasons.)

Draw the memory address blocks (Tag, Index and Offset) for a direct mapped and N-way set associative cache organization for the below cache configurations. Round the cache size to nearest power of 2 (e.g., 1KB = 2^10) and assume 32-bit memory address.
a. 64KB cache, 32-byte block, N = 4
b. 1MB cache, 64-byte block, N=16
c. 32KB cache, 512-byte block, N=64

C++

Write a program that declares two variables:a string firstName and int age.Write a function, called getName, that when called, prompts the user for their first name.

The function should return the first name and store it in the firstName variable.

Write a function, called getAge, that when called, prompts the user for their age.

The function should return the age and store it in the age variable.

Write a function, that uses the firstName and age as arguments.In the function, print out the person’s name and age.

• Create a class called evaluateValue that declares 3 integer class variables: zeroValue, positiveValue and negativeValue. These should be declared as public and you should not use automatic properties to declare them.
• Your class should have a constructor that takes one integer argument. In the constructor you will code if statements to set one of the three class variables (indicators) to 1 if the number sent to the constructor is either equal to zero, negative, or positive.
• In the class provide a method printit() used to print the results
  • Evaluate the positive, negative, and zero indicator to determine which line to print. If the indicator is set to 1 then the indicator is true.
  • You will print one of three statements;
    • The number was zero.
    • The number was positive.
    • The number was negative.
• In the default wrapper class named assignment3 and containing Main write the code in Main that declares one integer variable: val1.
• Use Console Write and Readline and the convert method to take the integer entry from the keyboard and pass it to the evaluateValue constructor.
• Instantiate an evaluateValue object and pass the integer values to the constructor.
• From Main call the printit method which will print the resulting evaluation in the class object.