Question

Select a topic from below and write a 250 word (1/2 pg single-spaced, 1pg double-spaced) answer discussing it.

1. The Spinal Column (NOT spinal cord) & related movements
2. The Thorax & related movements
3. The Upper Extremities & ROM
4. The Anatomy of the Hip joint & ROM
5. The Anatomy of the Knee joint & ROM
6. The Anatomy of the Ankle joint & ROM

Include details about the bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments in the anatomy portion of the essay.

Answer 1

THE ANATOMY OF KNEE JOINT & ROM

It is the largest joint of our body

It is a complex joint with 3 internal joints such as

Medial femorotibial joint- between femur and tibia(condylar joint)

Lateral femorotibial joint-between femur and tibia(condylar joint)

Femoropatellar joint- between femur and patella (saddle joint)

BONE

KNEE JOINT Is formed by

1.Condyles of femur

2.Condyles of Tibia

3.patella

Condyles of tibia articulate with the femur condyles postearly and with patella anteriorly

LIGAMENTS

there are about 11 ligaments which supports knee joint

1.fibrous capsule

2.ligementum patellae

3.tibial collateral

4.fibular collateral

5.oblique popliteal ligament

6.Arcuate popliteal ligament

7.Anterior cruciate ligament

8.posterior cruciate ligament

9.medial meniscus

10.lateral meniscus

11.tranverse ligament

BURSAE PRESENT AROUND THE KNEE

there are about 12 BURSAE present around the knee

ANTERIOR-4

Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa

Subcutaneous infrapetellar bursa

Deep infrapetellar bursa

Suprapatellar Bursa

LATERAL-4

A bursa deep to the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle

A bursa between the fibular collateral ligament and the biceps femoris

A bursa between the fibular collateral ligament and the tendon of the popliteas

A bursa between the tendon of the popliteas and the lateral condyle of the tibia

MEDIAL -4

Bursa deep to the medial head of the gastrocnemius

Anserine bursa

Bursa deep to the tibial collateral ligament

Bursa. Deep to the semimembranosus

RELATIONS OF KNEE JOINT-MUSCLES , VESSELS,BURSA& LIGAMENTS

ANTERIORLY

Anterior bursa

Ligamentum patellae

Patellae plexus of nerve

POSTERIORLY

popliteal vessels and tibial nerve - middle part

Lateral head of gastrocnemius,plantaris and common peronial nerve- lateral part

Medial head of gastrocnemius, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, and popliteas -medial part

MEDIALLY

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus muscles

Great saphenous vein and nerve

Semimembranosus

LATERALLY

biceps femoris, and tendon of popliteas

BLOOD SUPPLY

ANASTOMOSIS AROUND KNEE JOINT

Main source of blood supply are

1.Five genicular branches of popliteal artery

2.the descending genicular branche of femoral artery

3. The descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery

4. Two recurrent branches of anterior tibial artery

5 the circumflex fibular branch of posterior tibial artery

Popliteal fossa and it's relations

I hope u understood

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