Question

In what ways are the agricultural and industrial sectors of an economy complementary to one another

Answer 1

ndustrial sector provides the basic inputs to the agricultural sector such as tractor, harvesting machines, fertilisers are a few basic inputs that are used by the agricultural sector.
Wheras agriculture provides basic raw material to the industrial sector, e.g., cotton,sugarcane.

The industrial sector provides employment to the excess labour (disguised unemployees) in the agricultural sector.
Agricultural sector provides labour to the industrial sector.
Agricultural sector provides market to the industrial sector.

It means that the people engaged in agriculture consume the products produced by the industries.
For example tooth paste, soap washing powder etc.
Agricultural sector feeds the industrial labourers, which keeps them healthy, and thereby makes them more productive.

The agro-based industries have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.

The industrial sector provides employment to the excess labour (labours who are actually disguised unemployed) in the agriculture sector

The support that agriculture provides to the industries is the wage goods (food grains).
Both the agricultural and industrial sector are mutually dependent on each other.
In case of good harvest, the farmers have high incomes, which they use to demand more industrial goods.
For example, during good harvests, many farmers buy new elctronic goods, clothes, etc.
Similarly, when the people engaged in the industrial sector experience good income, they demand higher quantities of food grains.

Both for consumer and capital goods Industries agriculture sector gives a ready market for the finished products. Agricultural sector itself is a huge market for the different finished products of Industries. Farmers buy several industrial products like bi-cycle, torch, radio etc. All these flourishment of industries.

Thus in nutshell, we can say that bath agricultural and industry are complementary to each other. The operate hand to hand. The development of one sector depends on the growth and performance of the other sector.