Question

. What’s the significance of the sites at Lascaux and Altimara (hint: cave paintings)

39. Define acclimatization, melanin, pathogen, and pandemic

40. What is the importance of melanin, exposure to UV radiation, rickets, folate, and infectious

Disease to understanding human variation?

41. What does the HIV virus attack?

42. At birth, what % of the brain is the adult size?

43. What is the significance of preagriculture diet compared to the diet of today?

44. Understand the different life cycles discussed in your text and the unique aspect of the human lifecycle

45. What is the importance of social relationships for nonhuman primates?

46. What is the taxonomy for humans---order, family, genus, and species?

47. Define hyperplasia and hypertrophy

48. Who are the most primitive primates?

Answer 1

38 lascaux- cave paintings

altimara - rock engravings of animals and abstract shapes

39 acclimatization - it is a phenomenon where an organism adjusts to the changes in the enviroment , it is the adaption of an organism to the climate when it has moved to a new enviroment.

melanin - it is a natural skin pigment. the skin tone and eye colour all depends on the amount of melanin present in an individual ,melanocytes make melanin.

pathogen - microorganisms that cause diseases

pandemic - a disease which is present around the whole world or a particular country

40 melanin blocks the UV radiation from damaging DNA . as UV radiation can damage the skin and cause cancer.melanocyte cells that produces melanin is also responsible for producing calcium and it is important to have a proper amount of calicum in order to avoid diseases like rickets which weakens the bones and also causes deformities in the bone.melanin protects folate from UVR related degradation. which in turn supports the influence of folate in melanogenesis.melanin is also known to reduce a pathogens susceptibility to killing by host antimicrobial mechanisms and this is how melanin and infectious diseases are related.

41 hiv attacks the CD4 helper cells or T cells . CD4 helper cells or T cells are specific type of immune system cell in the body.

42 25 % of the adult size

43 as preagricultural diets are chemical free as well as its natural it helps from symptoms of allergies that occur in most individuals due to processed and refined foods. this diet also helps in weight loss as sugary items are on control.

45 social relationships are for regulating the biobehavioral responses of nonhuman primates . the responses of nonhuman primates to the experimental manipulations are monitored and regulated.

46 order - primates

family - hominidae

genus - homo , linnaeus

species - homo sapiens linnaeus

47 hyperplasia - increase in the amount of organ tissue due to cell proliferation.

hypertrophy - increase in the size of organ or tissue due to increase in size of its cell

48 lemurs are the most primitive primates