Question

Adenosine triphosphate

What are the 3 parts of an ATP molecule?

List two examples of how energy (ATP) might be put to use in a cell.

What is the function of NAD+ and FAD molecules?

Table Organize your knowledge

Part of aerobic respiration	Location in prokaryotes	Starting molecules	End products with amounts
Glycolysis
Transition phase
Citric acid cycle (TCA)
Electron transport chain

What is Chemiosmosis?

Where does it occur?

What are cytochromes?

What is ATP synthase?

What does it do?

For every glucose molecule burned, the cell needs _______ oxygen molecules, and produces _____molecules of Carbon Dioxide and ______ molecules of water. The maximum yield for aerobic respiration is _____ATP.

Answer 1

1.The three parts of an ATP molecule is:

• Adenine
• Ribose
• Three phosphate groups

2.Energy might be put to use in cell :

• During cell signalling in which ATP functions as a signalling molecule for communication between cells.
• During active transport of substances into the cell.

3.The function of NAD+ and FAD molecules is that they pick up electrons from glucose and get chnaged to NADH and FADH2 that transfer the electron to the the ETC in the mitochondria where ATP is generated by oxidative phosphorylation via enzyme ATP synthase.

part of aerobic respiration	location in prokaryotes	starting molecules	end products with amounts
Glycolysis	cytoplasm	glucose ,2ATP	2 pyruvate, 2ATP,2NADH
Transition phase	cytoplasm	pyruvate	2 acetyl CoA
TCA cycle	cytoplasm	acetylCoA	2ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2 ,2 QH2 (ubiquinol) and 4 CO2.
Electron transport Chain	cellular membrane	hydrogen ion,oxygen,NADH,FADH2,	water,34 ATP

4.Chemiosmosis can be defined as the process in which ions move across a semipermeable membrane and down their electrochemical gradient to generate ATP and the ions mostly includes the movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane during the process of cellular respiration or photosynthesis to generate ATP via proton motive force.

5.Chemiosmosis takes place in the chloroplasts during photosynthesis and in the mitochondria during the process of cellular respiration.

6.Cytochromes are proteins that contain heme and function to transfer electrons in metabolic pathways particularly in cellular respiration.

7.ATP synthase is an enzyme that functions to generate ATP.

8.ATP synthase functions to generate ATP from ADP and iP utilizing the energy released from proton motive force.

9.For every glucose molecule burned, the cell needs six oxygen molecules, and produces six molecules of Carbon Dioxide and six molecules of water. The maximum yield for aerobic respiration is 36-38ATP.