Question

Calculating the Direct Materials Price Variance and the Direct Materials Usage Variance

9.1: Guillermo has found a typical oil change takes 24 minutes and 6.2 quarts of oil are used. In June, Guillermo had 980 oil changes.

Refer to Exercise 9.1. Guillermo's Oil and Lube Company provided the following information for the production of oil changes during the month of June:

Actual number of oil changes performed: 980

Actual number of quarts of oil used: 6020 quarts

Actual price paid per quart of oil: $5.1

Standard price per quart of oil: $5.05

Required:

1. Calculate the direct materials price variance (MPV) and the direct materials usage variance (MUV) for June using the formula approach.

2. Calculate the direct materials price variance (MPV) and the direct materials usage variance (MUV) for June using the graphical approach.

3. Calculate the total direct materials variance for oil for June.

4. What if the actual number of quarts of oil purchased in June had been 6100 quarts, and the materials price variance was calculated at the time of purchase? What would be the materials price variance (MPV)? The materials usage variance (MUV)?

Answer 1

Part 1

Materials price variance (MPV)= (AP – SP)*AQ

= ($5.10– $5.05)*6,020

= $0.05 × 6,020

= $301 U

Materials usage variance (MUV)= (AQ– SQ)*SP

=(6,020 – 6,076)*$5.05

= (56 × $5.05)

= $282.80 F

Part 2

Labor rate variance (LRV) = (AR – SR)*AH

= ($14.50– $14.00)*386

= $193 U

Labor efficiency variance (LEV)= (AH– SH)*SR

=(386 – 392)*$14.00

=6 × $14.00

= $84 F

Part 3

Total direct materials variance= (AP× AQ) × (SP× SQ)

= ($5.10 × 6,020) – ($5.05 × 6,076)

= $30,702.00 – $30,683.80

= $18.20 U

Total direct labor variance= (AR× AH) – (SR× SH)

= ($14.50 × 386) – ($14.00 × 392)

= $5,597 – $5,488

= $109 U

Part 4

If the actual quantity purchased was 6,100 quarts, the materials price variancewould be calculated at the time of purchase.

Materials price variance (MPV)= (AP – SP)*AQ

= ($5.10– $5.05)*6,100

=$0.05 × 6,100= $305 U

There would be no impact on the materials usage variance because the actual quantity purchased is not used in that computation; the actual quantity used in production is part of the materials usage variance.