Question

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A)

In order for simple harmonic motion (vibration) to occur:

Group of answer choices

A randomly varying force must be applied to the system

A constant force must be applied to the system

A force that attempts to push the system away from an equilibrium position must be applied to the system

A force that attempts to restore the system to an equilibrium position must be applied to the system

B)

In a simple harmonic system, damping leads to:

Group of answer choices

Increasing wave amplitudes and eventually, small vibrations

Increasing wave amplitudes and eventually, large vibrations

Decreasing wave amplitudes and eventually, large vibrations

Decreasing wave amplitudes and eventually, small vibrations

C)

Ultrasound devices bounce sound waves off of distant structures and use the time delay to determine how far away an object is. If the temperature of the medium the sound travels in is decreased:

Group of answer choices

Time delays will decrease, leading to objects artificially appearing farther apart

Time delays will increase, leading to objects artificially appearing closer together

Time delays will increase, leading to objects artificially appearing farther apart

Time delays will decrease, leading to objects artificially appearing closer together

D)

Which of the following temperatures would you expect to find the highest temperature of an ideal gas in a fixed container?

Group of answer choices

10 kPa

1 kPa

100 kPa

1000 kPa

Answer 1

Part A. Simple Harmonic motion is to and fro motion of a particle about its equilibrium position. Hence,it requires :

Application of restoring force that tends to bring the system back into its original equilibrium

i.e option 4 is the correct answer.

Part B. Damping is basically the reduction of amplitude of the oscillations as a result of loss of energy from the system to overcome frictional and resistive forces.

i.e there is decreased amplitudes of waves and hence smaller vibrations

Option 4 is the correct answer. .

Part C The velocity of ultrasonic waves is directly proportional to the temperature of the medium in which they are travelling. Hence, as the temperature decreases, the velocity of ultrasonic waves also decreases in that medium,. Now the waves would take more time to reach the destination and bounce back. Hence, time delay would be increased.This increased time delay suggests that objects would appear to be farther.

i.e option 3 is the correct answer .

Part 4. For an ideal gas, PV = nRT

Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, T is the temperature of the gas.

Also, R is the universal gas constant.

For a fixed container, V = constant

Hence P is directly proportional to the temperature.

More the temperature, more would be the pressure.

Since the maximum value of pressure in the question is P = 1000 kPa

Hence, temperature corresponding to this 1000 kPa would be the highest.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.