Question

2-Give recipe example for electroplating Cu, Au, and Ni. Explain how to prepare the electroplating solution.

Answer 1

Electroplating: Electroplating is the process of plating one metal onto another by hydrolysis, most commonly for decorative purposes or to prevent corrosion of a metal. There are also specific types of electroplating such as copper plating, silver plating, and chromium plating. Electroplating allows manufacturers to use inexpensive metals such as steel or zinc for the majority of the product and then apply different metals on the outside to account for appearance, protection, and other properties

Nickel electroplating is a technique of electroplating a thin layer of nickel onto a metal object. The nickel layer can be decorative, provide corrosion resistance, wear resistance, or used to build up worn or undersized parts for salvage purposr the product. The surface can be a metal or even plastic.

Nickel sulfamate:

Sulfamate nickel plating is used for many engineering applications. It is deposited for dimensional corrections, abrasion and wear resistance, and corrosion protection. It is also used as an undercoat for chromium.^[6]

Bath composition[edit]

Chemical name	Formula
Nickel sulfamate	Ni(SO3NH2)2
Nickel chloride	NiCl2·6H2O
Boric acid	H3BO3

Copper plating is the process in which a layer of copper is deposited on the item to be plated by using an electric current.

Three basic types of processes are commercially available based upon the complexing system utilized.

• alkaline-(several modifications of cyanide and non-cyanide) complexed bath
• acid-(sulfate and fluoroborate) complexed bath
• mildly alkaline-(pyro phosphate) complexed bath
• .GOLD ELECTROPLATING:Gold electroplating is the process of applying a thin layer of gold onto a desired metal material, usually that of copper or silver, through the process of electroplating.Gold electroplating is commonly used in manufacturing jewelry by plating silver, and in electronics in electrical connectors and printed circuit boards which forms an electrically conductive layer on copper that is also resistant to corrosion.