1. In the cap and trade component of the Waxman-Markey bill, what was the objective behind many of the details about how permits (or allowances) and the revenue from auctioning some of the permits would be allocated? Explain.

2.2 Explain and comment on factors related to organizational culture and innovation that might influence a company.

Discuss the benefits of the multiple types of e-payment system to the customers?

Open Market Operations a) What is an open market operation by a central bank? b) What is the difference between an open market operation and a discount window operation by a central bank? c) Why does a rise in the level of government bond interest rates reduce the amount of private borrowing from commercial banks and vice-versa? d) Suppose that the economy is in a deep recession – unemployment is very high because the level of aggregate demand is very low. Should the central bank buy or sell bonds in order to reduce interest rates and increase aggregate demand? Why?

A new manufacturing plant costs $5,150,000 to build. Operating and maintenance costs are estimated to be $43,000 per year, and a salvage value of 25% of the initial cost is expected. The units the plant produces are sold for $35 each. Sales and production are designed to run 365 days per year. The planning horizon is 10 years. Find the break-even value for the number of units sold per day for each of the following values of MARR:

A/ 5%

Break-even value:   units

Carry all interim calculations to 5 decimal places and then round your final answer up to the nearest unit. The tolerance is ±1.

B/ 10%

Break-even value:   units

Carry all interim calculations to 5 decimal places and then round your final answer up to the nearest unit. The tolerance is ±1.

C/ 15%

Break-even value:   units

Carry all interim calculations to 5 decimal places and then round your final answer up to the nearest unit. The tolerance is ±1.

Answer the following questions on price elasticity of demand.

do you think economists should alter the way they model firm behavior? In other words, do you think it’s accurate to model firm’s behavior with the assumption that firm’s primary objective is to maximize profit? Explain your answer

Business Law

Case Scenario:

Ashley met Adam at a party and after a couple of drinks; Ashley found out that Adam is in the business of selling education products.

Compare and contrast the different liabilities for Ashley and Adam in each of the following different situations, where Ashley is buying, and Adam is selling and they are about to or have entered into a contract.

Q# a. Both parties discussed their intentions and Ashley stated what kind of education products she was interested in. However, they parted ways after that. Ashley said later that there was no contract between them but Adam stated that Ashley has already reserved the products she wanted with him.

(Please recommend any books for further more study), Thank You.

Now analyze the impact of the emergence of the coronavirus (Covid-19). Assume the epidemic significantly reduces the demand for meat only and that there are no changes to the supply of meat. On the same graph you produced in Question 1, graphically depict any changes in the marketplace and any changes that impact the individual firm. Show the movements of the curves (if any) and the new Short Run Equilibrium (SRE). Indicate the new market equilibrium P1 and Q1, the optimal output of an individual firm representative of the other firms in the industry at this SRE (labeled as q1), and the individual firm’s profit, if any (shaded and clearly labeled). Provide a brief narrative explaining the movements and the resulting change in an individual firm’s profit, if any. Please make sure you address the changes in the market equilibrium quantity Q, market price P, and the individual firm’s profit maximizing quantity q, if any. Reminder: be sure to label all relevant points and axes.

Which of the following statements about the factor-price equalization theory and the effects of transportation costs are correct? Check all that apply.

Differences in transportation costs do not affect the comparative advantage of trading nations.

Differences in transportation costs across countries affect the volume and composition of trade.

A product will be traded internationally as long as the importing country is willing to pay more than the exporter’s cost to produce the good plus the cost to transport it.

Transportation costs and other trade barriers cannot prevent product prices from equalizing.

Which of the following statements about transportation costs are correct? Check all that apply.

Transportation costs are determined by the distance between two points, weight, size, value, and the volume of trade.

Over the past 50 years, transportation costs of U.S. imports have fallen to less than half of what they used to be, relative to the value of imports.

Transportation costs have recently become a larger expense for the global economy than was previously observed.

International transportation costs are declining everywhere in the world. Falling transportation costs reduce the volume of international trade by eliminating the basis for the growth of trade.

During the summer of 2017, fifteen former leaders of the White House Council of Economic Advisors signed a letter to President Trump urging him not to place tariffs on imports of steel into the United States. The letter notes that “Among us are Republicans and Democrats alike, and we have disagreements on a number of policy issues. But on some policies there is near universal agreement. One such issue is the harm of imposing tariffs on steel imports.” Tariffs are taxes imposed by government on imports. Those who endorse tariffs and other barriers to free international trade believe that such barriers protect domestic industries and the jobs of their employees.

Why do many economists, including those who have served for both Republican and Democratic administrations, support free trade policies and oppose tariffs and trade barriers even if these barriers are designed to protect domestic workers from losing their jobs? What types of jobs would be most vulnerable to job losses due to competition from imports?

Use a well-labelled diagram with wages on the vertical axis and safety on the horizontal axis. Depict an iso-profit schedule for a representative firm and an isoquant for a representative worker that are in equilibrium. (a) What do each of the iso-profit schedule and the isoquant show and why are they shaped as they are? (b) What is meant by there being in equilibrium? (c) Show the impact of a government regulation that mandates or requires a level of safety that is greater than the one depicted above when the parties are in equilibrium, and assuming that the zero-profit constraint means that the firm cannot remain in business and reduce its level of profits

Is the proliferation of such agreements (free trade areas, customs unions,etc.) good for world trade in general?

A student must study for two exams: Class A and Class B. Happiness is determined by the sum of the two grades. The student has 600 minutes to spend (as denoted by m) . If there is no studying, the student can get 50 grade points on each of the exams. In order to get one additional point on Class A, the student has to spend p1 = 30 minutes. On the other hand, in order to get one additional point on Class B, the student has to spend p2 = 20 minutes.

1) What would be the utility function that represents the preferences over grade points on Class A and Class B.

2) What would be the optimal amount of time for the student to choose to spend on Class A and Class B? How many grade points would the student get in each class?

3) Now, if it only takes 15 minutes to get an additional point in Class A, what would be the optimal amount of time for the student to choose to spend on Class A and Class B.