1. As a matter of law, what is an “investment security”?

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Question 2 (5 points)

2. If your firm only occasionally issues securities for purchase by the public, the 1933 Securities Act does not require registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission and disclosure of material financial information.

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Question 3 (5 points)

3. “Shelf registration” under the 1933 Act:

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Question 4 (5 points)

4. Most municipal bond issuance is required to be registered with the SEC.

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Question 5 (5 points)

5. The antifraud provisions of the 1934 Act (Securities Exchange Act of 1934)(Rule 10b-5):

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Question 6 (5 points)

6. Persons who may violate Rule 10b-5 include:

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Question 7 (5 points)

7. The punishment for violations of Rule 10b-5 (up to ten years of federal imprisonment and up to a $1 million fine) is among the harshest in the federal criminal code (18 U.S.C.) for nonviolent felonies that do not involve the sale of illegal drugs.

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Question 8 (5 points)

8. In a trademark infringement case, a court presumably would give great weight to the facts that the first manufacturer had registered his trademark and that a subsequent competitor manufactured products in the same style and color and using an emblem with the same shape as the emblem on the first manufacturer’s products.

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Question 9 (5 points)

9. How long does standard copyright protection under federal law last now?

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Question 10 (5 points)

10. What is the life of a design patent registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office? Assume that a design patent is the diagram of a machine that accomplishes a task. For machines, scale models have to be submitted, also.

Question 10 options:

Critical Thinking 1: The diamond-water paradox In “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations” published in 1776, Adam Smith wrote: “Nothing is more useful than water: but it will purchase scarcely anything… A diamond, on the contrary, has scarcely any use-value; but a very great quantity of other goods may frequently be had in exchange for it”

Explain the diamond-water paradox and find out in the literature how economists have later solved this paradox.

W.T. Inc, is a manufacturer organized in Country K. It is revamping it's management systems and is converting to a cloud based system that is being developed by C.B. corp, a company that is organized in country L. C.B.'s server farms are located in Country M. W.T. seeks to terminate the agreement asserting that the system's design is defective and wants a full refund. C.B. refuses to return the payment. It counters that the defects are minor and easily corrected at the server level. CB also offers to mitigate any economic damages that WT may incur because of the slight delay. It WT litigates, consider issues of jurisdiction and which country's laws would likely govern. Assuming that the agreement provides for Arbitration or that the parties agree to arbitration, discuss the advantages of ADR including the effect on jurisdictional issues and questions of law.

This is a written assignment. It is general in its context. There is no right or wrong response here. Your analysis in support of your opinion is what I am interested in. Feel free to pull from personal knowledge or use outside sources, but be sure to provide proper citation. Paper should be double spaced, at least 2 pages but please do not exceed 5 pages.

1,if the Fed wants interest rates to fall they will buy U.S. government buy T/F

2,consider the cash people carry in their wallets. this cash is part of the M1 money supply but not part of the M2 money supply T/F

3.consider the T-ccount for Bank 1 when customer deposit funds into their checking accounts, there is an increase in Bank1's assets and a decrease in its liabilities. T/F

4.if banks decide to hold a larger % of deposit on reserve then the money multiplier will increase T/F

5.All else the same, it banks choose to hold fewer excess reserves the money supply will fall T/F

6.when the Fed sells U.S government bonds, it has conducted open market sales and the money supply can be expected to rise T/F

7.If the Fed wants to increase the money supply they will buy U.S government bonds. T/F

8.All interest rate in the economy are set by Federal reserve T/F

Explain what ability bias is and how it affects your regression estimates of the rate of return to schooling

Suppose that a consumer earns wage income of $450 per week, and 52 weeks per year

a. Construct a yearly income-leisure constraint.

b. If the consumer chooses 20 weeks for work, graphically explain this choice of work and leisure

behavior.

c. The government considers to offer an income supplement program of $200 per week, or the

maximum of $10400 per year for this consumer. If the government wants to avoid detracting

from this consumer’s current motivation to work, what policy option (payment method)

should the government choose? Graphically explain it.

1. Best Electric whishes to construct a new coal-fired plant in the southwest corner of Michigan. Best plans to use the best available technology for the scrubbers on the plant to reduce emissions. Should Best be able to obtain a permit from the EPA to build and operate the proposed new electric plant? Please briefly discuss the issues Best faces for the proposed plant.

Please briefly explain the circumstances under which an environmental impact statement (EIS) must be filed and describe the statement’s required content.

Consider the following simple signaling model of education. A worker is either high productivity or low productivity. The worker can be high productivity with probability 1/3 and low productivity with probability 2/3. The worker knows her productivity. The firm that she approaches for employment does not.

The firm must decide whether to offer the worker a High Skill Job or a Low Skill Job. The High Skill Job pays the worker 8 units (regardless of productivity), and the Low Skill Job pays the worker 5 units (regardless of productivity).The firm earns a payoff of 3 from hiring the worker into the Low Skill Job, regardless of the worker's productivity. If the firm hires the worker into a High Skill Job, the firm earns a payoff of 8 if the worker is high productivity, and zero if she is low productivity.

(a) In equilibrium, what job will the firm offer the worker? Explain your answer and show all work.

Next, suppose that before approaching the firm for a job, the worker decides whether or not to obtain a university education. Education costs a high productivity worker 2 units of utility, but costs a low productivity worker 5 units of utility. Upon observing whether the worker has acquired education (but without observing directly the productivity of the worker) the firm must decide whether to offer the worker a High Skill Job or a Low Skill Job.

(b) Is there an equilibrium in which high productivity workers get education but low productivity workers do not? Show all work and explain your answer.

(c) What type of market failure is illustrated in this question? Explain. Offer one other way that the firm and worker may be able to work around this market failure, and explain.

Question：Consider the following statement, “The Morrison government this week announced $3.8 billion of infrastructure projects would be pulled forward or given additional funding over the next four years.”

Show the effects of these changes using the aggregate expenditure (AE)model on real GDP in the short run. In your answer make sure to discuss the linkages in stimulating change and the equilibrating process of moving to a new macroeconomic equilibrium output.

（word limit: 300-400)

Thank you!

The related information:

The Australian economy is "weak",with households weighed down by slow wages growth and higher taxes,the OECD has declared in a report that backs lower interest rates,calls for more government spending and paves the way for unconventional monetary policies.

In its six-monthly review of the global economy,the Paris-based think tank has sharply downgraded its expectations for Australia while raising serious concerns about the level of debt being carried by households.

The Morrison government this week announced $3.8 billion of infrastructure projects would be pulled forward or given additional funding over the next four years. The decision followed calls from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA),which has sliced official interest rates to a record low 0.75 per cent,for a lift in public spending plus productivity-enhancing structural reforms.

But economists have warned the new spending will equate to less than 0.1 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP),arguing much more needs to be done to get the economy growing fast enough to bring down the national unemployment rate.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),which noted the global economy was now growing at its slowest rate since the global financial crisis,said it expected Australian GDP to expand by 2.3 per cent this year and next,well short of the federal

government's forecast.

It also expects private consumption,which accounts for about 60 per cent of total economic activity,to barely grow faster than inflation over the next two years.

In March,the OECD was expecting unemployment to start edging down. It has now lifted its forecasts,tipping unemployment to average 5.3 per cent in 2020.

"Economic activity has been weak," the OECD said about Australia. "Private consumption spending has been sluggish,weighed down by slow wage growth and an increase in taxes paid by households."

While the government has argued its recent tax cuts will help households offset slow wages growth,the OECD and other organisations such as the RBA have noted overall tax levels are increasing as the budget returns to surplus.

Research this week from National Australia Bank found Australian household debt was now at a record high of 202 per cent of annual income.

The OECD said high household indebtedness could "exacerbate" any economic shock that hit Australia.

It said with the RBA likely to cut interest rates further,which in turn could feed into a lift in house prices,lending standards might have to be tightened to protect households.

"High household indebtedness means that the authorities should stand ready to tighten macro- prudential policy settings if lower interest rates fuel house price inflation through a sharp pick- up in credit," the OECD found.

While expecting further rate cuts,the organisation said the Morrison government should "loosen fiscal policy" to help get the economy growing faster.

"Fiscal policy is expected to provide little support to economic growth,in accordance with the federal government's commitment to future budget surpluses," it said. "A more expansionary fiscal stance may be warranted given that the economy is growing well below its potential and the relatively low public debt burden.

"At the same time,growth-enhancing tax reforms should be prioritised. These include shifting the tax mix away from direct taxes and inefficient taxes like real estate stamp duty to the GST and land taxation."

Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said the nation's economic fundamentals remained sound,with the country now in its 29th consecutive year of growth.

He said there were "headwinds",particularly due to trade policy tensions that have hit confidence and business investment globally since May,but "the government's focus on productivity-enhancing reform will ensure our economy remains resilient".

"The international challenges are a stark reminder of why we must stick to our economic plan which has delivered lower taxes so you can keep more of what you earn,more infrastructure to boost productivity and which will return the budget back to surplus so we can meet the challenges that lie ahead," he said.

Think about the products that you have purchased recently. Were they a want or a need? Could you have purchased a "lessor" product? (Example: A Coach purse or a TJ-Maxx purse). Why do people "feel" like they need to purchase name brand or extravagant products. (Ex. Mercedes, Starbucks, Gucci, etc.) Comment on income levels and the substitution effect? Does the amount of disposable income really matter? (In other words, once your necessities (food, water, shelter, clothes, insurance, cell phone, etc. are paid, do you "need" to buy anything else (concert tickets, a new purse, a collectible, etc?

Comment on the description of the Lorenz Curve? Is this okay? Which type of tax system are you in favor of and why? (progressive, proportional (flat), or regressive) Which is the best and why? Should we penalize a person because the market pays them a certain wage that is higher than the norm? (Ex: professional athlete, movie star, doctor, CEO, etc.) Why or why not?

Thank you!

The Australian economy is "weak",with households weighed down by slow wages growth and higher taxes,the OECD has declared in a report that backs lower interest rates,calls for more government spending and paves the way for unconventional monetary policies.In its six-monthly review of the global economy,the Paris-based think tank has sharply downgraded its expectations for Australia while raising serious concerns about the level of debt being carried by households.

The Morrison government this week announced $3.8 billion of infrastructure projects would be pulled forward or given additional funding over the next four years. The decision followed calls from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA),which has sliced official interest rates to a record low 0.75 per cent,for a lift in public spending plus productivity-enhancing structural reforms.

But economists have warned the new spending will equate to less than 0.1 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP),arguing much more needs to be done to get the economy growing fast enough to bring down the national unemployment rate.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),which noted the global economy was now growing at its slowest rate since the global financial crisis,said it expected Australian GDP to expand by 2.3 per cent this year and next,well short of the federalgovernment's forecast.

It also expects private consumption,which accounts for about 60 per cent of total economic activity,to barely grow faster than inflation over the next two years.In March,the OECD was expecting unemployment to start edging down. It has now lifted its forecasts,tipping unemployment to average 5.3 per cent in 2020.Economic activity has been weak," the OECD said about Australia. "Private consumption spending has been sluggish,weighed down by slow wage growth and an increase in taxes paid by households."

While the government has argued its recent tax cuts will help households offset slow wages growth,the OECD and other organisations such as the RBA have noted overall tax levels are increasing as the budget returns to surplus.

Research this week from National Australia Bank found Australian household debt was now at a record high of 202 per cent of annual income.The OECD said high household indebtedness could "exacerbate" any economic shock that hit Australia.

It said with the RBA likely to cut interest rates further,which in turn could feed into a lift in house prices,lending standards might have to be tightened to protect households.

"High household indebtedness means that the authorities should stand ready to tighten macro- prudential policy settings if lower interest rates fuel house price inflation through a sharp pick- up in credit," the OECD found.While expecting further rate cuts,the organisation said the Morrison government should "loosen fiscal policy" to help get the economy growing faster.

"Fiscal policy is expected to provide little support to economic growth,in accordance with the federal government's commitment to future budget surpluses," it said. "A more expansionary fiscal stance may be warranted given that the economy is growing well below its potential and the relatively low public debt burden.

"At the same time,growth-enhancing tax reforms should be prioritised. These include shifting the tax mix away from direct taxes and inefficient taxes like real estate stamp duty to the GST and land taxation."Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said the nation's economic fundamentals remained sound,with the country now in its 29th consecutive year of growth.

He said there were "headwinds",particularly due to trade policy tensions that have hit confidence and business investment globally since May,but "the government's focus on productivity-enhancing reform will ensure our economy remains resilient".

"The international challenges are a stark reminder of why we must stick to our economic plan which has delivered lower taxes so you can keep more of what you earn,more infrastructure to boost productivity and which will return the budget back to surplus so we can meet the challenges that lie ahead," he said.

Question：Consider the statement,“In March,the OECD was expecting unemployment to start edging down. It has now lifted its forecasts,tipping unemployment to average 5.3 per cent in 2020.”If the unemployment rate increases,what are the costs to an economy? How does it compare with the natural rate of unemployment? （word limit: 200-300)