Question

Section 2 - CASE ANALYSIS INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Read the case below carefully and answer ALL the questions which follow.

2. Your answers may be entered using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet OR may be entered in a table format using Microsoft Word.

HEALTHY OPTIONS INC.

Healthy Options is a Pharmaceutical Company which is considering investing in a new production line of portable electrocardiogram (ECG) machines for its clients who suffer from cardiovascular diseases. The company has to invest in equipment which costs $2,500,000 and falls within a MARCS depreciation of 5 years, and is expected to have a scrap value of $200,000 at the end of the project. Other than the equipment, the company needs to increase its cash and cash equivalents by $100,000, increase the level of inventory by $30,000, increase accounts receivable by $250,000 and increase accounts payable by $50,000 at the beginning of the project. Healthy Options expects the project to have a life of five years. The company would have to pay for transportation and installation of the equipment which has an invoice price of $450,000.

The company has already invested $75,000 in Research and Development and therefore expects a positive impact on the demand for the new product line. Expected annual sales for the ECG machines in years one to three are $1,200,000, and $850,000 in the following two years. The variable costs of production are projected to be $267,000 per year in years one to three and $375,000 in years four and five. Fixed overhead is $180,000 per year over the life of the project.

The introduction of the new line of portable ECG machines will cause a net decrease of $50,000 in profit contribution after taxes, due to a decrease in sales of the other lines of tester machines produced by the company. By investing in the new product line Healthy Options would have to use a packaging machine which the company already has and which will be sold at the end of the project for $350,000 after-tax in the equipment market.

The company’s financial analyst has advised Healthy Options to use the weighted average cost of capital as the appropriate discount rate to evaluate the project. Information about the company’s sources of financing is provided below:

• The company will contract a new loan in the sum of $2,000,000 that is secured by machinery and the loan has an interest rate of 6 percent. Healthy Options has also issued 4,000 new bond issues with an 8 percent coupon, paid semiannually, and which matures in 10 years. The bonds were sold at par, and incurred floatation cost of 2 percent per issue. • The company’s preferred stock pays an annual dividend of 4.5 percent and is currently selling for $60, and there are 100,000 shares outstanding.

• There are 300,000 shares of common stock outstanding, and they are currently selling for $21 each. The beta on these shares is 0.95.

Other relevant information about the company follows: The 20-year Treasury Bond rate is currently 4.5 percent and you have estimated market-risk premium to be 6.75 percent using the returns on stocks and Treasury Bonds from 2010 to 2019. Healthy Options has a marginal tax rate of 25 percent. As a recent graduate of the UWIOC, The General Manager of the company has hired you to work alongside the Financial Controller of the company to help determine whether the company should invest in the new product line. He has provided you with the following questions to guide you in your assessment of the project and to present your findings to the Company.

REQUIRED:

7. Determine the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for Healthy Options.

8. Calculate the initial investment cash-flows.

9. Calculate the after-tax operating cash-flows.

10. Determine the tax on salvage value of the equipment, then show the terminal year cash-flows.

11. Identify three (3) relevant cash flows which were mentioned in the case and how they should be treated in the capital budgeting decision.

12. Taking into consideration all the information given, determine the Net Present Value of the project and advise the company on whether to invest in the new line of product. (Use your answer to Q7 rounded to the nearest whole in the calculations of the other questions where necessary

Answer 1

7.

Loan amount	2000000
Interest rate	6%
Par Value	1000
Coupon rate	8%
Time to maturity	10
Payment frequency	2
Bond price	980
YTM	4.15%
No. of bonds	4000
Debt raised	3920000
Market Value of Debt (MVd)	5920000
% Debt	32.49%
Before tax Cost of debt	4.77%
After tax Cost of debt	3.58%
Dividend on Preferred Stocks	4.50%
Par Value of preferred stock	100
Preferred stock price	60
Cost of preferred stock (Ks)	7.50%
No. of Preferred Stock	100000
Market Value of Preferred Stock (MVs)	6000000
% Preferred Stock	32.93%
β	0.95
Rf	4.50%
Market risk premium	6.75%
Cost of common stock (Ke)	10.91%
No. of outstanding shares	300000
Current stock price	21
Market Value of common stock (MVe)	6300000
% Common Equity	34.58%

Cost of Capital (WACC)

7.41%

8.

Increase in Current Assets	380000
Increase in Current Liabilities	50000
Investment in Working Capital	330000

Capital Investment

2950000

10.

Depreciation Schedule	1	2	3	4	5
Depreciation rate	20%	32%	19.20%	11.52%	11.52%
Depreciation amount	590000	944000	566400	339840	339840
Ending Book Value	2360000	1416000	849600	509760	169920

Salvage Value	200000
Book Value at the end of 5 years	169920
Tax on Capital Gains	7520
After-tax Salvage Value	192480
Corporate tax rate	25%

9 & 12.

	0	1	2	3	4	5
1. Initial Cash Flow
Capital Investment	-2950000
Working Capital	-330000
2. Operating Cash Flows
Sales		1200000	1200000	1200000	850000	850000
Variable Costs		267000	267000	267000	375000	375000
Fixed Overhead		180000	180000	180000	180000	180000
Depreciation		590000	944000	566400	339840	339840
Pretax profit		343000	-11000	366600	135160	135160
Tax		85750	0	91650	33790	33790
Profit after Tax		257250	-11000	274950	101370	101370
Cash Flow (PAT + Dep)		847250	933000	841350	441210	441210
3. Terminal Cash flow
Working Capital						330000
After-tax Salvage Value						192480
4. Opportunity Cost
Lost sales of other lines of tester machines		50000	50000	50000	50000	50000
Net Cash flow (1+2+3-4)	-3280000	797250	883000	791350	391210	913690
NPV	-200466