In: Statistics and Probability
The Crown Bottling Company has just installed a new bottling
process that will fill 16-ounce bottles of the popular Crown
Classic Cola soft drink. Both overfilling and underfilling bottles
are undesirable: Underfilling leads to customer complaints and
overfilling costs the company considerable money. In order to
verify that the filler is set up correctly, the company wishes to
see whether the mean bottle fill, μ, is close to the
target fill of 16 ounces. To this end, a random sample of 39 filled
bottles is selected from the output of a test filler run. If the
sample results cast a substantial amount of doubt on the hypothesis
that the mean bottle fill is the desired 16 ounces, then the
filler’s initial setup will be readjusted.
(a) The bottling company wants to set up a hypothesis test so that the filler will be readjusted if the null hypothesis is rejected. Set up the null and alternative hypotheses for this hypothesis test.
b)
Suppose that Crown Bottling Company decides to use a level of significance of α = 0.01, and suppose a random sample of 39 bottle fills is obtained from a test run of the filler. For each of the following four sample means— x¯x¯ = 16.05, x¯x¯ = 15.95, x¯x¯ = 16.03, and x¯x¯ = 15.97 — determine whether the filler’s initial setup should be readjusted. In each case, use a critical value, a p-value, and a confidence interval. Assume that σ equals .1. (Round your z to 2 decimal places and p-value to 4 decimal places and CI to 3 decimal places.)
what is the
i) Z ii)
P-Value and
iii) Confidence Internal
x¯x¯ = 16.05
a) Null and Alternative hypothesis:
Ho : µ = 16
H1 : µ ≠ 16
b)
x̅ = 16.05, σ = 0.1, n = 39
Test statistic:
z = (x̅- µ)/(σ/√n) = (16.05 - 16)/(0.1/√39) = 3.12
p-value = 2*(1-NORM.S.DIST(ABS(3.1225, 1) = 0.0018
Decision:
p-value < α, Reject the null hypothesis
99% Confidence interval :
At α = 0.01 two tailed critical value, z_c = ABS(NORM.S.INV(0.01/2)) = 2.576
Lower Bound = x̅ - z_c*σ/√n = 16.05 - 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 16.009
Upper Bound = x̅ + z_c*σ/√n = 16.05 + 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 16.091
----
x̅ = 15.95, σ = 0.1, n = 39
Test statistic:
z = (x̅- µ)/(σ/√n) = (15.95 - 16)/(0.1/√39) = -3.12
p-value :
p-value = 2*(1-NORM.S.DIST(ABS(-3.1225, 1) = 0.0018
Decision:
p-value < α, Reject the null hypothesis
99% Confidence interval :
At α = 0.01 two tailed critical value, z_c = ABS(NORM.S.INV(0.01/2)) = 2.576
Lower Bound = x̅ - z_c*σ/√n = 15.95 - 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 15.909
Upper Bound = x̅ + z_c*σ/√n = 15.95 + 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 15.991
-----
x̅ = 16.03, σ = 0.1, n = 39
Test statistic:
z = (x̅- µ)/(σ/√n) = (16.03 - 16)/(0.1/√39) = 1.87
p-value :
p-value = 2*(1-NORM.S.DIST(ABS(1.8735, 1) = 0.0610
Decision:
p-value > α, Do not reject the null hypothesis
99% Confidence interval :
At α = 0.01 two tailed critical value, z_c = ABS(NORM.S.INV(0.01/2)) = 2.576
Lower Bound = x̅ - z_c*σ/√n = 16.03 - 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 15.989
Upper Bound = x̅ + z_c*σ/√n = 16.03 + 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 16.071
------
x̅ = 15.97, σ = 0.1, n = 39
Test statistic:
z = (x̅- µ)/(σ/√n) = (15.97 - 16)/(0.1/√39) = -1.87
p-value :
p-value = 2*(1-NORM.S.DIST(ABS(-1.8735, 1) = 0.0610
Decision:
p-value > α, Do not reject the null hypothesis
99% Confidence interval :
At α = 0.01 two tailed critical value, z_c = ABS(NORM.S.INV(0.01/2)) = 2.576
Lower Bound = x̅ - z_c*σ/√n = 15.97 - 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 15.929
Upper Bound = x̅ + z_c*σ/√n = 15.97 + 2.576 * 0.1/√39 = 16.011