Question

In: Biology

Fruitflies have lots of tiny hairs called bristles on their abdomens, and the inheritance of fruitfly...

Fruitflies have lots of tiny hairs called bristles on their abdomens, and the

inheritance of fruitfly bristle number has occupied quantitative geneticists for

many years. In a large laboratory population, the mean of bristle number is 18

and the variance for bristle number is 45. Within an inbred line, the variance for

bristle number is 20. What is your estimate for the heritability of bristle number

in fruitflies?

Now think about those bristles a bit more. Suppose you take the same lab

population and choose flies to breed that have on average 16 bristles on their

abdomens. What is the selection coefficient? How do you expect their offspring

to differ from a) the lab population and b) their parents?

Expert Solution

Answer:

Based on the given information:

1) Estimate for heritability can be determined as below:

Mean of bristle number = 18
Variance for bristle number = 45
For inbred line, the variance of bristle number = 20
(For inbred line, the variance in the population must be environmental s_e² = 20
The variance is a combination of genetic and environmental components s_e² + s_g² = 45
s_g² = 45 - s_e² = 45 - 20 = 25
Heritability ( h²) = s_g² / (s_e² + s_g²) = 25 / 45 = 0.556 = 55.6%

2) Now think about those bristles a bit more. Suppose you take the same lab population and choose flies to breed that have on average 16 bristles on their abdomens. What is the selection coefficient? How do you expect their offspring to differ from a) the lab population and b) their parents?

Average number of bristles on abdomens on flies selected to breed = 16

Selection Coefficient can be determined as below:

R = h²*S, where:

R = the response to selection ( the change in the mean of the trait in a population after selection)
h² = heritability
S = the selection coefficient (the difference in the mean of the trait for the original population and mean of the trait for the population of individuals selected for breeding)

S = Mean of bristle number in original population - mean of the trait for the population of individuals selected for breeding = 18 - 16 = 2

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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