Question

Please write clear grammatically correct answer. Answers that are not grammatically correct will be counted wrong. Simplify your answers as much as possible. Do not write long paragraphs. Please answer all 4 questions.

1. Name the four types of teeth from the front to the back of the dental arcade and describe the function of each type of tooth.

2. Define the terms analogy and homology. Give an example of each and describe the significance of these terms in developing a classification system.

1. Definitions:

                        Analogy –

                        Homology -

2. Examples:

                        Analogy -

                        Homology -

                       

3. Significance for classification:

                        Analogy -

                        Homology –

3. Choose five primate characteristics. Include at least one characteristic relating to brain/senses, one relating to skeletal adaptation and one behavior/life history characteristic in your total of five. Describe the evolutionary advantage of each characteristic for primate survival. Don't forget to Describe the evolutionary advantage of each characteristic for primate survival.

4. Name and describe the evolutionary significance & five differences between the suborders Strepsirhini and Haplorhini.

                        Strepsirhini                 Haplorhini                   Evolutionary Significance

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Answer 1

1) Name the four types of teeth from the front to the back of the dental arcade and describe the function of each type of tooth.

i) Incisors — the sharp, chisel-shaped front teeth (four upper, four lower) - used for cutting food.

ii) Canines — sometimes called cuspids, shaped like points (cusps)- used for tearing food.

iii) Premolars — have two pointed cusps on their biting surface and are sometimes referred to as bicuspids.

iv)Molars - have several cusps - grinding food

2) Definition

Homologous structures are structures that are similar in related organisms because they were inherited from a common ancestor.

Analogous structures are structures that are similar in unrelated organisms na have similar functions.

3) Examples
The arm of a human, the wing of a bird or a bat, the leg of a dog and the flipper of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures.

Wings in flying animals like bats, birds, and insects, to fins in animals like penguins and fish are examples of analogous structures.

4) Classification of similar anatomical structures is called homology. Organisms with homologous structures are more closely related to each other on the tree of life. But analogous structures fall apart in tree wehn compared to homologous.