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Multiple choice questions 1. Tetrad of foetal defect is due to viral infection. Its not characterized...

Multiple choice questions

1. Tetrad of foetal defect is due to viral infection. Its not characterized by
A. Cataract
B. Heart effect
C. Mental retardation
D. Cleft feet

2. Maternal diabetes can result in
A. Malformation
B. Cleft lip
c. congenital dislocation of hip
D. Organomegaly

3.A man is therapist at Radiotherapy Department at KBTH. Which of the following findings would you consider most relevant in a man’s past history to indicate a risk factor for a neoplasm he’s developed which no family member is suffering from
A. Chronic alcoholism
B. Radiation exposure in childhood
C. Ataxia telangiectasia
D. Occupational exposure

4.   Hyaline droplet degeneration is
a. Accumulation of bad protein inside a cell
b. Accumulation of good protein inside a cell
c. Accumulation of glycogen inside a cell
d. Accumulation of good protein outside a cell

5. Intracellular deposition of calcium is an indication of

a. Good cardiac output
b. Ischaemia
c.Cell death
d. Infarction

6. Hypoxic injury is characterized by
a. Loss of oxidative phosphorylation and b. ATP generation by mitochondria
c Karyohexis
d. Abundant glycogen
e. Increased ATP

7 The most critical factor in determining whether the skin will regenerate following burn injury is the presence of
a. Good cardiac output
b. Skin appendages
c. Minimal oedema
d. Granulation tissue

8. Events that happen at the site of acute inflammation are the following except
a. Change in vascular caliber and flow
b. Increased vascular permeability
c. Fluid and cellular exudation
d. Endogenous enzymes digestion

Solutions

Expert Solution

1 . answer- D.cleft feet

Reason-fetal defects due to the viral infections are are cataract cardiac anomalies mental retardation cerebral palsy.

2.answer. D.organomegaly

Reason-macrosomia is the most constant complication in gestational diabetes mellitus.macrosomia in newborn of diabetic mothers is characterized by excess body fat, increased muscle mass, and organomegaly without increase in brain size.

3. B.radiation exposure in childhood.

Reason.,-history of radiation exposure in childhood is more likely to cause cancer in later life.

4. Answer- B. accumulation of good protein inside the cell

Reason-this is defined as accumulation of excess normal protein droplets inside the cell, which in H&E stained cells appear homogeneous Glassy eosinophilic.

5.answer is - B ischemia

Reason-it is known that intracellular calcium rises during ischemia and the early decline in mechanical performance is caused by largely and inhibitory effect of phosphate and protons in the myofibrillar protein.

6. Answer- A . Loss of oxydative phosphorylation

Reason-acute hypoxia result in depletion of ATP in cells that requires a switch to an aerobic glycolysis.Since the energy is from glycolysis is much less than oxidative phosphorylation energy demands not matter continuing decrease ATP levels result in additional cellular dysfunction.

7.Answer is-D granulation tissue

Reason-granulation tissue is new connective tissue and microscopic blood vessels that form on the surface of bone during healing process

8. Answer- D. Endogenous enzyme digestion

Acute inflammation has three major component 1. vascular changes-alteration in the vessel caliber resulting in increased blood flow, increased vascular permeability.

2. Cellular events-emigration of leukocytes from the microcirculation and accumulation in the focus of injury

3. Mediators-derived from plasma protein and cells


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