Arrange these elements in order of increasing atomic size: Al, B, C, K, Na.

Expert Solution

The atomic size of different elements depend on two factors :

(a) Atomic size increases with principal quantum number ( n ) because with increase in principal quantum number an additional shell is added so the atomic size increases.

(b) Atomic size decreases with increasing number of electrons around a shell because the shielding effect increases with increasing number of electrons so the electrons are pulled more tightly to the nucleus therefore the atomic size decreases .

For Aluminium n = 3 and valence electrons = 3

For Boron n = 2 and valence electrons = 3

For Carbon n = 2 and valence electrons = 4

For Potassium n = 4 and valence electrons = 1

For Sodium n = 3 and valence electrons = 1

So, the arrangement of elements in increasing order is

C < B < Al < Na < K

Carbon has least number of shells among these elements alongwith Boron but the number of electrons around Boron is less than Carbon so the atomic size of Boron is more than Carbon.

Sodium and Aluminium have same number of shells but the number of electrons around Sodium is less so the size of Sodium is more than Aluminium.

Potassium has the highest number of shells among them so it the atomic size is highest.

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 month ago

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