Question

Position on Abortion	Protestant	Catholic
Support	156	86
Oppose	296	139

a). Treating religious affiliation as the independent variable and support for abortion as the dependent variable, describe the relationship between the two variables presented in the table above. Use the appropriate percentages to defend your claims.

b). Compute the appropriate chi square statistic and use it to determine whether the relationship shown in the table is statistically significant. Use an alpha of .01 and a critical value of 6.635 for this determination.

c). If the relationship depicted in the table is statistically significant, use the appropriate measure of association to determine whether it is a weak, moderate or strong one?

Answer 1

a)

	Expected frequency of a cell = sum of row*sum of column / total sum
	Expected Frequencies
	protestant	catholic					Total
support	452*242/677=161.572	225*242/677=80.428					242
oppose	452*435/677=290.428	225*435/677=144.572					435

Relatioship seems to be weak.

b)

	(fo-fe)^2/fe
support	0.192	0.386
oppose	0.107	0.215

Chi-Square Test Statistic,χ² = Σ(fo-fe)^2/fe =   0.9
                              
Level of Significance =   0.01                          
Number of Rows =   2                          
Number of Columns =   2                          
Degrees of Freedom=(#row - 1)(#column -1) = (2- 1 ) * ( 2- 1 ) =   1                          
                                    
Critical Value =   6.635   [ Excel function: =CHISQ.INV.RT(α,DF) ]                      
Decision: test statistic,X² < critical value , So, Do not reject the null hypothesis  

c)

Not significant

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