Question

a) Describe the central defect in diabetes and the adverse side effects high levels of blood glucose have on the body.

b) How do health effects of this disease vary, and what are the benefits of keeping blood glucose well controlled?

c) Discuss the focus of dietary management of type 2 diabetes.

Answer 1

a) Diabetes affects the body’s ability to produce or use of insulin. Pancreas produce the hormone called INSULIN, this hormone which allows body to turn glucose into energy.

The little amount of insulin or no insulin production allows glucose to raise in the blood. This can lead to a wide variety of problems affecting major body systems.

SIDE EFFECTS OF HIGH LEVELS OF GLUCOSE IN BLOOD:

• HEADACHE
• MORE THIRST OF DRINKING WATER
• BLURRED VISION
• FREQUENT VOIDING OF URINE
• WEIGHT LOSS
• MORE HUNGRY

ADVERSE EFFECTSOF HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE:

• DAMAGE TO KIDNEY due to DIABETES (DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY)

Diabetes can damage kidneys and affect their function of filtering the waste products from the blood, if some of the products like proteins seen in urine at a result of urine test, that is microalbuminuria (albumin in urine) or more amount of protein seen in urine can diagnose that kidney is not working properly. If it is not treated then it may leads to kidney failure.

• DAMAGE TO CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The flow chart shows how diabetes effects the heart.

The thickening of blood vessels can even effect hands and feet cause pain and they become cold, lack of sensation and the term is called peripheral neuropathy.

• DAMAGE TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

• DAMAGE TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSYTEM

b) Diet and excercise play a very important role in helpiong control blood sugar levels.the benefits which we can get in controlled sugar levels are we can come out from long term complications like eye diseases,nerve problems,kidney problems,heart failures,high blood pressures.

c)DIET:diet includes brown rice,whole wheat,ats,vegetables and fruits.