Question

Mr. Sweet, 38 years old, is brought to the Emergency Department unresponsive. He has a history of Type 1 diabetes and has been sick for the last 3 days. On admission his Blood sugar is 532, Potassium is 7.2 and ABG results include pH 7.08, Bicarb 12, and CO2 28. His VS are HR 116, BP 107/64, RR 36 Deep and rapid, and Temp 101.5.

Direction: Please select a scholarly article focus on hyperglycemia,and explain by summarizing the article in 4 to 5 sentences how complications of Type 1 diabetes can cause renal failure and lead to hyperkalemia.Provide the reference in APA format please.

Answer 1

Type 1 diabetes leads to hyperglycemia,bolld glucose levels morethan 600 mg/dl.
Hyperglycemia causes long term complications like kidney damage (nephropathy),nerve dmage(neuropathy),cardiovascular disease ,damage to blood vessels of retina(diabetic retinopathy) etc.

emergency complications which arises with hyperglycemia are,renal failure,diabetic ketoacidosis.
*Renal failure-High blood sugar levels causes to damage to the blood vessels of kidney,which creates the damage to kidney and produce kidney disease,this may lead to excess toxins in the body becuaseof failure of kidnies to function.
*Diabetic ketoacidosis- when no insulin in body (decreased insulin secretion),boold sugar rises and body begins to break down fat for energy which produces ketone/toxic acids.and it will not be filtered waste products which causes to excess levels of ketones in body which causes to ketoacidosis can lead to diabetic coma.
Here, water and electrolyte imbalance arises with renal failure in type 1 diabetes,extreme hyperkalemia (9.0m mEq/L) which leads to cardiac arrest even.
accumulation of uremic toxins and increase parathyroid hormone level in patients with chronic renal failure causes insulin resistance also.