2. Show that within the linear eddy-viscosity framework “production rate of kinetic energy” in turbulence kinetic energy equation can also be written as Pk = Cµ ε S2. Here, Sij is mean deformation rate tansor and S = Sij Sij.

What does occur in aged pipe? What is the effect of the aging to the head loss in piping system? Express the differences between the new and aged pipe by using the mathematical formulations in addition to physics.

Ethical Dilemma Case Study. Each student must research a real-world example of an ethical dilemma in the field of engineering.

1. Show that within the linear eddy-viscosity framework “production rate of kinetic energy” in turbulence kinetic energy equation can also be written as P_k = C_µε S². Here, S_ij is mean deformation rate tansor and S = S_ij S_ij.

Steam leaves the boiler of a 100 MW Rankine cycle power plant at 400°C and 3.5MPa. The Turbine has an isentropic efficiency of 85% and exhausts at 15 kPa. In the condenser, the water is subcooled to 38°C by lake water at 13°C. The pump isentropic efficiency is 75% Draw and label the T-s diagram (4 points) for this cycle and determine: 1. The cycle’s thermal efficiency (7 points) 2. The mass flow rate of the steam in the boiler (kg/h) (7 points) 3. The back-work ratio (5 points) 4. The minimum required cooling water flow rate if regulations limit the cooling water temperature rise to 10°C (kg/h) (7 points)

name 5 colors of wire that go to a thermostat and name what they control

Steam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 3 MPa and 400°C and leaves at 50 kPa. If the isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 66.7%, determine the actual temperature of steam at turbine exit. The mass flow rate of the steam flowing through the turbine is 218 kg/min, determine the power output from the turbine. Plot the T-s diagram.

You are to required to design a steam power cycle that must operate in the parameter space defined below. Final designs should be as close to the desired operating conditions as possible. You are to prepare an engineering report that clearly articulates your design and its analysis and should include, but is not limited to reporting on the following:

Thermodynamic principles and theory that describe the operation of your design

Analysis, including calculations of you design and the final cycle thermal efficiency, work output, required inputs and heat rejection requirements

Complete specification of the state of the working fluid at all points in the cycle

All system figures, T-s and P-v diagrams, correctly and adequately labelled such that all technical information is clearly conveyed

Max cycle thermal efficiency: 50%

Isentropic efficiency of the turbine: 80%

Isentropic efficiency of the pump: 75%

Max operating pressure: 15000kPa

Max quality at turbine exit: 0.95

Steam enters a turbine at 10 MPa, 410^oC, and 80 m/s, and leaves at 10 kPa, 90 percent quality and 50 m/s. Steam flows steadily through the turbine at 10 kg/s and the heat loss from the turbine is 0.5 kW. Neglecting potential energy changes, determine

1. The power output of the turbine (kW)
2. The turbine inlet area (m²)
3. The turbine outlet area (m²)
4. The volume flow rate of steam at turbine outlet (m³/s)

Elaborate on the braking system performance relation with braking frequency. Use graphs.

Tire manufacturing process, emphasizing the importance of pitch sequencing

Explain the modern control methods that controls the braking force on each wheel showing
the advantages and disadvantages of those methods. Give examples from commercial brands.

Introduce the tire friction circle and its effect on vehicle dynamics.

In a thermally isolated mixing chamber cold water at 50oC and 1MPa is heated steadily by a steam at 200oC and 1MPa. The mixture leaves the chamber at 150oC.

1.mass ratio of the hot and cold streams

2 entropy generation rate per unit cold water mass flow rate