The helicopter shown in the figure below has a mass of 12 tons and it needs to rotate its 14 meter blades (diameter of the blades = 14 meters) at 670 rpm just to hover (stand still in mid air) without any additional load. The air flow caused by the rotation of the helicopter blades may be modeled as a moving cylindrical body of air having a 14 meter diameter. The average velocity of the airflow of that cylindrical air-body is proportional to the rotational speed of the helicopter blades (RPM).
Determine the airflow rate when the helicopter hovers and the power that its engines produce.
If the helicopter is now loaded with an 8 tons load as shown in the figure. Determine again the airflow rate when the helicopter hovers and the power that its engines produce.

A copper wire is strung between two plates. Find how hot the air can be before the wire starts to melt. Given: h = 20 W/m2/K k= 415 W/m/K The temperature of the plates is 100 C The melting temperature of copper is 1100 C. it has a length of 30mm and thickness of 1mm

In an industrial process, it is required to maintain 30°C dry bulb temperature with high relative humidity equals to 60%. Determine the following air properties when the barometric pressure is standard, a) Dew point temperature; b) Specific humidity; c) Enthalpy of mixture per kg of dry air. d) Vapour density; e) Degree of saturation; f) Wet bulb temperature.

With the aid of detailed illustrations and examples, identify at least FIVE (5) challenges faced by manufacturers in the application of any of the following processes during this pandemic: Joining Assembly, Surface Engineering and reverse engineering. (Share the reference also)

Sticking friction is more prominent at the centre of the forging. Explain why and what problem can be arises because of that.

The PLC program simulates a process tank being filled with a fluid. The tank will start filling (via a valve) whenever the start process button is enabled and the tank is below 50% full. It will shut off when the tank is 100% full. In case the level sensor is out of calibration or not working properly, there is a high-level safety limit to prevent the tank from overfilling. If the high limit is met at a preset value of 102% full the process will shut down and a strobe light will turn on. Indicator lights are activated when the tank level reaches 50%, 75% and 100% full as shown in the diagram of the tank in Figure 1. There is a slight dead band to prevent flickering lights when tank levels vary slightly due to filling or splashing.

HOW TO SIMULATE IT IN PICOSOFT ?

A plain bearing used in industrial application operates at high speed under very high loads. All elements of this plain bearing (bearing and journal) are made of 080M40 steel. In order to prolong the life of the mattress, you are asked to replace one element of the plain bearing with the materials in the list below (journal or bearing will replace only one). Why which material would you choose?

1. Rice
2. Bullet
3. Teflon

Note to question 1: To reach the answer to the question, you will draw conclusions from the results by using a number of formulas to reach the behavior of different materials in contact.

I need 7 to 12 page report on this topic

Discuss the difference between the ideal and the actual indicator diagrams of four stroke SI engine.

Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has a net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and the low-pressure turbine at 1 MPa and 500°C. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid at a pressure of 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 76 percent and that of the pump is 95 percent.

A: Determine the quality (or temperature, if superheated) of the steam at the turbine exit.

B: The thermal efficiency of the cycle.

C: The mass flow rate of the steam

A cylindrical bronze sleeve (2) is held in compression against a rigid machine wall by a high-strength steel bolt (1), as shown in the figure. The steel [E = 199 GPa; α = 11.7 × 10^-6/°C] bolt has a diameter of 24 mm. The bronze [E = 110 GPa; α = 22.0 × 10^-6/°C] sleeve has an outside diameter of 73 mm, a wall thickness of 9 mm, and a length of L = 550 mm. The end of the sleeve is capped by a rigid washer with a thickness of t = 4 mm. At an initial temperature of T₁ = 14°C, the nut is hand-tightened on the bolt until the bolt, washers, and sleeve are just snug, meaning that all slack has been removed from the assembly, but no stress has yet been induced. If the assembly is heated to T₂ = 88°C, calculate

(a) the normal stress (positive if tensile and negative if compressive) in the bronze sleeve.
(b) the normal strain (positive if stretched and negative if compressed) in the bronze sleeve.

What is the equation for the thermal time constant? What is the physical significance of the thermal time constant? Can you determine the validity of lumped capacitance from the thermal time constant if given the Fourier number?

in a crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism, as shown in figure the driving crank length is 75mm. the distance between the fixed centres is 200mm and the length of the slotted lever is 500mm. find the ratio of the times taken on the cutting and idle strokes. determine the effective stroke also

6. Water steadily enters an extremely thin 100 m stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 10 cm at a mass flow rate of 31.4 kg/s at 80 °C at 100 kPa. The convection heat transfer coefficient between the ambient air (20 °C) and water pipe is ℎ = 120 ?/(?^2)?. You can ignore the heat loss by radiation and assume the temperature of the water and pipe surface are almost same but the temperature Difference is very small but enough for conduction heat transfer. Please find the variation of the water Temperature with length of pipe (from entrance), the heat loss from water to ambient air when passing through this pipe. You can assume the specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/(kg*Celsius). Please keep in mind that the temperature of the pipe surface is a function of the length, so that heat loss through convection is not constant but a function of pipe surface temperature. In solving this question, you can assume the water in this pipe consists of a series of small elements (discs). For each element (disc), the heat loss through side (pipe) surface by convection is equal to the change of thermal energy (temperature change noted as dT) of water flowing through this element (disc). This will lead to the development of a differential equation: ?? ?? = ?? + ?. You can find the temperature as a function of x noted as ? = ?(?), and heat transfer as a function of ?(?) = ?(?).

Discuss a minimum of two complex systems that you have encountered in your profession. Define why you think that they were complex.