‘A walk in thermodynamics’: starting with a subject of your choice in Wikipedia, try and follow some links to get to a subject we have studied in thermodynamics. Write down which topics you stepped through on your journey. Try and take some time to read some of the material you come across. Do this for a couple of topics that interest you. [20]

For example, my background is in combustion so I followed this path: Combustion -> Heat of Combustion -> Enthalpy of Formation -> Enthalpy

A gasoline engine is modified to run on hydrogen. Assuming hydrogen releases heat at the rate of 120 MJ/Kg when burnt, a. Write the chemical reaction involved in burning of hydrogen in air. b. Determine ratio of mass of air to fuel (A/F ratio) c. What is the fuel consumption rate, if engine produces 100 kW? The engine operates between combustion temperature of 585ºC and exhaust temperature of 50º C? d. What is the mass flow rate of water in exhaust pipe?

A cylinder of an unknown length made of copper is used being used to support a roof is deformed elastically in tension by a force. The diameter of the cylinder is 25 mm. The reduction in diameter is 3*10^-3 mm Given the following information, what is the Stress experienced by the cylinder?

modulus of elasticity for copper:110 GPA

Poissons ratio for copper:0.34

What are the air-standard assumptions and the cold air-standard assumptions in analysing engine cycles? How an actual combustion process is being simplified in ideal engine cycles?

Suggest and briefly explain one practical method to significantly increase the production rate of a Die Casting process without the need to buy additional capital equipment.

An 8-m-long, uninsulated square duct of cross section 0.2 m X 0.2 m and relative roughness 10-3 passes through the attic space of a house. Hot air enters the duct at 1 atm and 91oC at a volume flow rate of 0.15 m3/s. The duct surface is nearly isothermal at 60oC. Determine the rate of heat loss from the duct to the attic space and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sections of the duct. Evaluate air properties at a bulk mean temperature of 80oC. Is this a good assumption? Taking a bulk mean fluid temperature of 80oC based on the problem statement (this assumes that the air does not loose much heat to the attic), the properties of air are: cp = 1008 J/kg∙oC k = 0.02953 W/m∙oC ν = 2.097 × 10-5 m2/s ρ = 0.9994 kg/m3 Pr = 0.7154

A single stage simple vapr compression refrigeration cycle using R12 refrigerant is operating at a condenser temperature of 40 degrees C and an evaporator temperature of -5 degrees C. If the compressor is a reciprocating type compressor with 4 cylinder, rotating at 1800 RPM, has a cylinder diameter of 5cm, stroke length to diameter ratio of 1.4, and clearance ratio of 5%. Assume a polytropic index to be 1.13. 1- Sketch the cycle flow diagram, and identify the states on the P-H diagram. Calculate the refrigeration effect, refrigeration capacity in TR, the compressor power in HP, the cycle COP, the temperature of the refrigerant after exiting the compressor, and the cycle refrigeration efficiency.

A closed piston-cylinder system undergoes a cycle:
​Process 1 to 2 is an expansion process where heat is added. The temperature remains constant.
Process 2 to 3 is a constant volume heat addition process.
​Process 3 to 4 is a compression process where heat is lost. The pressure remains constant.
​Process 4 to 1 is polytropic expansion, Pvⁿ​=constant with n=1.4 and it is adiabatic (Q=0).
​Assume air, ideal gas, with constant specific heats, k=1.4. R=.287kJ/kgK
​State 1: T=300K, P=150kPa
​State 2: T=300K, P=100kPa
State 3: P=600kPa
​State 4: P=600kPa

​a.) Find the temperature for State 3 and State 4.
​b.) For all 4 States, find volume(m³/kg)
​c.) For each process, (1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-1), find Q/m(kJ/kg), W/m(kJ/kg), and Δu(kJ/kg)
​d.) Plot all 4 States on a P-v diagram
​e.) Is this a power or refrigeration cycle?
​f.) Calculate the efficiency or coefficient of performance based on your answer to part e.

Engineering Mechanics (8th Edition) Chapter 3, Problem 212P

Saturated liquid water at 1 MPa enters a D = 5 cm pipe at a rate of m(dot) = 2 kg/s. Heat is transferred to the water at a rate of Q(dot) = 5000 kW. The exit is at 1 MPa pressure.

(a) Neglecting kinetic energy, calculate the temperature at the pipe exit. (ans = 400◦C)

(b) Using your answer in a), calculate the exit velocity of the water. (ans = 312 m/s)

(c) Based upon your answer, should kinetic energy be included in your analysis? (ans = probably)

(d) Including the exit kinetic energy, recalculate the exit temperature. Iterate this procedure a couple of times. (ans = 378◦C)

One kg of water in a piston-cylinder assembly, initially at 1.5 bar and 200 C, cools at constant pressure with no internal irreversibilities to a final state where the water is a saturated liquid. For the water as the system, determine the work, the heat transfer, and the amounts of exergy transfer accompanying work and heat transfer, each in kJ. Let T0 = 20 °C, p0=1 bar and ignore the effects of motion and gravity.
THERE ARE SOME DIFFERENT ANSWERS TO THIS QUESTION. I FOUND AN ANOTHER ANSWER, I HAVE MANY QUESTION MARKS IN MY MIND. ADDITION OF EXERGY TRANSFER ACCOMPANYING WORK AND HEAT SHOULD BE EQUAL TO E2-E1. SINCE ITS INTERNALLY REVERSIBLE. ON THE OTHER HAND WHEN I USE 'E2-E1=(U2-U1)+P0×(V2-V1)-T0(S2-S1)' I FIND AN ANOTHER NUMBER. PLEASE HELP.

Determine the specific volume (m³/kg) of air at T = 159.6 K and P = 37.5 bar using the generalized compressibility chart.

A cylindrical specimen of some metal alloy 8.6 mm in diameter is stressed in tension. A force of 9070 N produces an elastic reduction in specimen diameter of 0.0048 mm. Calculate the elastic modulus (in GPa) of this material if its Poisson's ratio is 0.33.

Compare the following: belt drive, chain drive, and gear system.

What are the fundamental characteristics of each? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?