Question

15. H2O(s) is an example of a(n):

a.Molecular Solid

b.ionic solid

c.Nonbonding atomic solid

d.Metallic atomic solid

e.Network covalent atomic solid

Answer:A

Please solve this step by step. Let me know if I am suppose to memorize anything. Provide examples of why the rest can't be the answer.

Answer 1

Option A is the right answer, because:

Water(Ice) is an inorganic molecular solid with proper ordered structure.Hence ice is treated as mineral.It possesses a regular crystalline structure based on the molecule of water, which consists of a single oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms, or H–O–H. At standard atmospheric pressure and at temperatures near 0 °C, the ice crystal commonly takes the form of sheets or planes of oxygen atoms joined in a series of open hexagonal rings. The axis parallel to the hexagonal rings is termed the c-axis and coincides with the optical axis of the crystal structure.Like any other crystalline solid, ice subject to stress undergoes elastic deformation, returning to its original shape when the stress ceases. However, if a shear stress or force is applied to a sample of ice for a long time, the sample will first deform elastically and will then continue to deform plastically, with a permanent alteration of shape.  

If we consider the second option it is not a ionic solid due to absence of ionic bond.like NaCl,which has two ions of oppositely charged. Na⁺ and Cl^-.

If we consider thethird option, it is not a nonbonded molecule beacuse water ice contain filled Oxyegn p-oribital which is attached to H atom.

If we consider the fourth option, it is not a mettalic atomic bond due to absence of Metal.In case of water, Hydrogen is not a metal. A metallic bond where metal has active role and have the bond with non metal by ionic bond due to loss or gain of electron from its valence shell .

If we consider the fifth option, it is having hexagonal structure but not purely covalent ionic solid because it has hydrogen bonding which has ionic nature due to presence dipole moment. water ice has such structure where lot of ice molecules are bonded covalent bonded not individually. A  covalent network solid is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material. In a network solid there are no individual molecules, and the entire crystal may be considered a macromolecule. Example of network covalent bond solid are graphite,silicon, Diamond etc.