Question

Case Studies #1 4‐year‐old was seen in the pediatrician’s office for vomiting and coughing for the past 2 days. He showed extensive bruising on his extremities and was lethargic and dehydrated. A viral illness had been spreading through the day care center he attends. WBC = 25 x109/L RBC = 3.4 x 1012/L Hct = 34% Plt = 50 x 109 /L 1. Which of these blood results demands the most immediate attention? a. WBC b. Platelet count c. RBC d. Hct 2. What condition is associated with viral illness and low platelets in children? a. DIT b. HIT c. TTP d. ITP 3. What is the mechanism of platelet destruction in this patient? a. Antibody coating of platelets leading to sequestration b. Immune destruction of platelets c. Missing vWF d. Improper mixing of sample

Answer 1

1. The most immediate attention to be given to the platelet count because the normal platelet value for children is 150–450 x 109/L. and here the child's value has a drastic fall and can cause sevsere bleding.

2. a. is the wrong answer because Developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) is an increasing health concern since DIT outcomes predispose children to those diseases that have been on the rise in recent decades (e.g., childhood asthma, allergic diseases, autoimmune conditions, childhood infections).

b. HIT is a wrong answer because this disease condition is associated with the administration of various forms of heparine,and not associated with any viral infection.

c. TTP is awrong option because Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that results in blood clots forming in small blood vessels throughout the body. This results in a low platelet count, low red blood cells due to their breakdown, and often kidneys, heart, and brain dysfunction,and not associated with viral infection

d. ITP s the right answer because Immune Thrombocytopenia or idiopathic Thrombocytopenic pupura is  a disorder that can lead to easy or excessive bruising and bleeding. The bleeding results from unusually low levels of platelets — the cells that help blood clot.ITP can cause purple bruises, as well as tiny reddish-purple dots that look like a rash.Children may develop ITP after a viral infection and usually recover fully without treatment.

3.  Immune destruction of platelets is the right answer because Immune thrombocytopenia usually happens when your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets,