Question

5. List and discuss three virulence factors that aid in the establishment and maintenance of infection disease

Answer 1

For establishment and maintenance of any infection, a microorganism goes through three basic steps:

1. Exposure and adhesion
2. Invasion
3. Evading host's immune system.

Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa have different mechanisms of evading host based on their chemical composition and structural properties.

We are trying to discuss here virulence factors based on their functions used by bacteria.

The above image explains the virulence factors which help the bacteria in adhesion and invasion of the host surface.

The above image helps us to understand the mechanism of bacteria by which they prevent their detection in blood and phagocytosis by macrophages.

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