Question

QUES : Which of the following would NOT be a rationale for giving a parenteral injection?

select one :

a. Precise control over dosage

b. Inability of the person to take medication

c. Slower onset of action

d. Inability to be absorbed when given orally

QUES : Which of the following is NOT an administration site for intramuscular injections?

select one :

a. Dorsogluteal

b. Vastus Lateralis

c. Ventrogluteal

d. Sartorious Muscle

QUES : Which of the following is NOT a safe subcutaneous injection site

Select one:

a. Buttocks

b. Lower Arms

c. Abdomen

d. Upper Thigh

QUES : Of the following which best describes the purpose of using the “Z” Track method?

Select one:

a. This method avoids staining the surface of the skin from leakage

b. This method provides for a rapid administration of medication

c. This method depresses the skin

d. This method works well near a bone or joint

Answer 1

Question 1

Correct answer - C

Explanation

• Onset of action of a drug depended upon its rate of absorption into the blood vessels and also depends upon the intrinsic properties of the drug.
• When a drug is given i.v. it directly enters the blood.
• Therefore, it has a rapid onset of action.

Incorrect options

a) Precise control of the dosage is one of the important reason why an intravenous mode may be chosen over an oral route

• In the case of oral medication, the drug enters the alimentary tract.
• From there it is absorbed into the circulation.
• From the gut, it enters the liver, where the first past metabolism takes place.
• This reduces the blood levels of the drug.
• As a result, final drug level is unpredictable.
• This problem doesn't occur with the intravenous route.

b) inability of the person to take medication orally

• This is an important reason to receive drugs intravenously.
• Some patients may be extremely breathless or may have excessive vomiting.
• Such a patient will not be able to consume medicine orally.
• The intravenous route is preferred in such patients.
• Once the patient is able to tolerate oral feeds, oral medications can be started

d) Inability to be absorbed when given orally

• Some drugs cannot be absorbed orally
• Examples of drugs like penicillin, aminoglycosides.
• The gastric acidity destroys these drugs.
• Therefore, the intravenous route is preferred

Question 2

Correct answer - d) Sartorius

Explanation

• To give an intramuscular injection, the muscle needs to be large
• It should have a good vascular supply.
• Most importantly it should be easy to identify the muscle group superficially.
• Sartorius is a thin, slender muscle situated in the thigh.
• this makes it difficult to identify superficially ( hence difficult in slender people, women, and babies)
• An important nerve called the femoral nerve is situated very close to the sartorius muscle.

Incorrect:

a) Dorsogluteal -

1. it is an important site for intramuscular injection
2. It the gluteal muscle.
3. It is highly vascular therefore rapid absorption.
4. No major nerve in the vicinity

b)Vastus lateralis -

1. It is the preferred site for intramuscular injection in patients less than 7 months old
2. the injection is given in the middle third

c) Venogluteal -

1. This is the preferred site for injection more than 1 ml and oily injection
2. The palm of the hand is placed over the greater trochanter
3. Right hand for the left hip (patients) and vice versa
4. Place the index finger over the anterior superior iliac spine
5. and move the middle finger over the iliac crest
6. The injection is giving in the middle of the triangle

Question 3

Correct answer - (b) Lower arms

Explanation

• the lower arm doesn't have must fat deposits
• It may be vascular leading to rapid drug absorption. This is a problem because subcutaneous injections are given so that the drugs are slowly absorbed.
• the lower arm as important nerves that supply the hand, they might get injured

Incorrect answer:

a,c,d

All these sites are good sites for subcutaneous injections

Question 4

Correct answer - a

Explanation

• With the help of the fingers of the non-dominant hand, the skin besides the injection site is depressed.
• With other hand, the injection is given at an angle of 90 degrees to the skin.
• After the plunger is pushed, the injection is withdrawn from the muscle
• and the finger is released
• This disrupts the tract the needle of the injection created
• this blocks the drug from coming out.

Incorrect answer:

b) this method has nothing to do with the rapidity of drug administration.

c) yes a part the method requires the depress the skin, but that is not the goal of this method

d) This method may not work close to a bone or a joints, as the muscle mass near these structures may be loss