Questions
How to calculate NPV, IRR, MIRR, and Ordinary Payback? Example please

How to calculate NPV, IRR, MIRR, and Ordinary Payback? Example please

In: Finance

Suppose that Xtel currently is selling at $54 per share. You buy 450 shares using $10,000...

Suppose that Xtel currently is selling at $54 per share. You buy 450 shares using $10,000 of your own money, borrowing the remainder of the purchase price from your broker. The rate on the margin loan is 7%.

If the maintenance margin is 25%, how low can Xtel’s price fall before you get a margin call? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

How would your answer to (b) change if you had financed the initial purchase with only $12,150 of your own money? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

Continue to assume that a year has passed. How low can Xtel’s price fall before you get a margin call? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

In: Finance

Terminal cash- Various lives and sale prices.    Looner Industries is currently analyzing the purchase of a...

Terminal cash- Various lives and sale prices.    Looner Industries is currently analyzing the purchase of a new machine that cost. $164,000 and requires $19,800

in installation costs. Purchase of this machine is expected to result in an increase in net working capital of $30,100 to support the expanded level of operations. The firm plans to depreciate the machine under MACRS using a​ 5-year recovery period​ .for the applicable depreciation​ percentages) and expects to sell the machine to net $10,300 before taxes at the end of its usable life. The firm is subject to a 40 % tax rate.

a. Calculate the terminal cash flow for a usable life of ​ (1) 3​ years, (2) 5​ years, and​ (3) 7 years.

b. Discuss the effect of usable life on terminal cash flows using your findings in part a.

c.  Assuming a​ 5-year usable​ life, calculate the terminal cash flow if the machine were sold to net​ (1) $9,190 or​ (2) $169,600 ​(before taxes) at the end of 5 years.

d. Discuss the effect of sale price on terminal cash flow using your findings in part c.

Rounded Depreciation Percentages by Recovery Year Using MACRS for
First Four Property Classes
Percentage by recovery year*
Recovery year 3 years 5 years 7 years 10 years
1 33% 20% 14% 10%
2 45% 32% 25% 18%
3 15% 19% 18% 14%
4 7% 12% 12% 12%
5 12% 9% 9%
6 5% 9% 8%
7 9% 7%
8 4% 6%
9 6%
10 6%
11 4%
Totals 100% 100% 100% 100%

In: Finance

Last Tuesday, Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc. lost a portion of its planning and financial data...

Last Tuesday, Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc. lost a portion of its planning and financial data when both its main and its backup servers crashed. The company’s CFO remembers that the internal rate of return (IRR) of Project Gamma is 13.2%, but he can’t recall how much Green Caterpillar originally invested in the project nor the project’s net present value (NPV). However, he found a note that detailed the annual net cash flows expected to be generated by Project Gamma. They are:

Year

Cash Flow

Year 1 $2,400,000
Year 2 $4,500,000
Year 3 $4,500,000
Year 4 $4,500,000

The CFO has asked you to compute Project Gamma’s initial investment using the information currently available to you. He has offered the following suggestions and observations:

A project’s IRR represents the return the project would generate when its NPV is zero or the discounted value of its cash inflows equals the discounted value of its cash outflows—when the cash flows are discounted using the project’s IRR.
The level of risk exhibited by Project Gamma is the same as that exhibited by the company’s average project, which means that Project Gamma’s net cash flows can be discounted using Green Caterpillar’s 9% WACC.

Given the data and hints, Project Gamma’s initial investment is _________ , and its NPV is ____________ (rounded to the nearest whole dollar).

A project’s IRR will _________ if the project’s cash inflows decrease, and everything else is unaffected.

In: Finance

Below are returns on the stock A and S&P500 index. All numbers are in decimals (-0.0222...

Below are returns on the stock A and S&P500 index. All numbers are in decimals (-0.0222 is equivalent to -2.22%).

Stock A S_P500

-0.0222 0.0032

-0.0048 -0.0058

0.1333 0.0434

0.0765 0.1081

-0.0161 -0.0121

0.1250 0.1400

0.0145 0.0368

-0.0475 -0.0454

0.0430 0.0577

-0.0260 -0.1374

0.0071 0.0064

0.0249 0.0186

0.0850 0.0215

-0.0624 -0.0752

0.0933 0.0365

0.0456 0.0528

-0.0632 -0.0131

0.0450 0.0009

0.0200 0.0017

0.0280 0.0985

Suppose that the next S&P500 return will be 7%. Use the CAPM model to calculate the expected return on the stock A. Assume the risk-free rate of 1%.

Provide answer in decimals. For example, 12.34% would be 0.1234.

Also, round your answer to the fourth decimal.

Your Answer:

In: Finance

explain how to estimate the cost of capital. How to adjust for the effect of leverage...

explain how to estimate the cost of capital.

How to adjust for the effect of leverage on the cost of equity (unlevered Beta)?

Should we use book or market value to determine the weights?

In: Finance

You have looked at the current financial statements for Reigle Homes, Co. The company has an...

You have looked at the current financial statements for Reigle Homes, Co. The company has an EBIT of $2,850,000 this year. Depreciation, the increase in net working capital, and capital spending were $225,000, $90,000, and $415,000, respectively. You expect that over the next five years, EBIT will grow at 16 percent per year, depreciation and capital spending will grow at 21 percent per year, and NWC will grow at 11 percent per year. The company has $15,100,000 in debt and 345,000 shares outstanding. You believe that sales in five years will be $22,600,000 and the price-sales ratio will be 2.4. The company’s WACC is 8.5 percent and the tax rate is 21 percent. What is the price per share of the company's stock?

In: Finance

The 1-week call options on the Alibaba stock with strike prices of $185, $190, and $195...

The 1-week call options on the Alibaba stock with strike prices of $185, $190, and $195 are $10, $7, and $5.5, respectively. An investor longs a butterfly spread using these three options. Specifically, he longs 100 call options with the strike price $185, shorts 200 call options with the strike price $190, and longs 100 call options with the strike price 195. What is the investor's maximum gain from this strategy? Please provide your answer in unit of dollars

In: Finance

READ THE ETHICAL DILEMMA BELOW “Shell Is First Energy Company to Link Executive Pay and Carbon...

READ THE ETHICAL DILEMMA BELOW

“Shell Is First Energy Company to Link Executive Pay and Carbon Emissions” (Source: Business Law Newsletter, January 2, 2019)

According to the article, Royal Dutch Shell is giving its executives a powerful new reason to care about the environment.

The Anglo-Dutch energy firm said recently that it will establish short-term carbon emissions targets starting in 2020 after coming under pressure from investors. In an industry first, it plans to link executive pay to hitting the targets.

Major shareholders including the Church of England and Robeco have demanded that Shell do more to tackle emissions. They say its earlier goal of cutting carbon emissions by half by 2050 did not go far enough.

Shell said in a statement that it would set carbon reduction goals that cover periods of three to five years. The targets will be set on an annual basis and run to 2050.

The oil company did not set out specific carbon benchmarks. And it said that shareholders would not vote on changes to executive remuneration until 2020.

Climate Action 100+, a group of 310 investors with over $32 trillion in assets under management, said in a joint statement with Shell that it strongly supported the company in taking “these important steps.”

Shell made the announcement as the United Nations’ annual talks on climate change got underway in Poland.

Shell said it would be the first major energy company to link executive compensation and carbon goals. Crucially, it’s committing to cut emissions generated by both its activities and the products it sells.

“That Shell has now embedded its ambition in its remuneration policy offers confidence that Shell is really committed to it,” said Corien Wortmann, chair of the pension fund ABP.

Moves by major corporations to reduce carbon emissions should help governments meet targets established under the Paris Climate Agreement, which seeks to keep rises in global temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius.

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in October that the planet will reach the crucial threshold of 1.5 degrees Celsius by as early as 2030, precipitating the risk of extreme drought, wildfires, floods and food shortages for hundreds of millions of people. It said companies and governments must act faster.

Emma Howard Boyd, chair of the UK Environment Agency, praised Shell on Monday for moving to set short-term targets.

“We hope that this unique joint statement between institutional investors and an oil and gas major, will inspire other leaders to take bold action,” she said in a statement. “We would encourage the rest of the sector to follow Shell’s lead.”

Shell announced in 2016 that it would link greenhouse gas emissions to executive compensation.
It isn’t the only Big Oil company to come under pressure from investors over the environment. Last year, US-based ExxonMobil agreed to reveal the risks it faces from climate change and the global crackdown on carbon emissions.

Respond to the following questions:

2. Comment on Royal Dutch Shell’s plan to link executive pay to the achievement of carbon emissions targets.

3. In your reasoned opinion, which is the most preferable option in terms of carbon emissions:

a) the government mandating that energy companies like Royal Dutch Shell comply with heightened carbon emissions targets established by the government;
b) energy companies like Royal Dutch Shell establishing their own heightened carbon emissions targets and methods to ensure reaching such targets; or
c) doing nothing other than complying with existing regulatory standards established by individual countries ?
Explain your responses.

In: Finance

If the Federal Reserve believe that the economy is heating up and there is risk that...

If the Federal Reserve believe that the economy is heating up and there is risk that inflation may accelerate, what could they do to slow down economic growth and tighten credit conditions in the economy? What did the FOMC decide in its last meeting?

In: Finance

DeYoung Entertainment Enterprises is considering replacing the latex molding machine it uses to fabricate rubber chickens...

DeYoung Entertainment Enterprises is considering replacing the latex molding machine it uses to fabricate rubber chickens with a newer, more efficient model. The old machine has a book value of $450,000 and a remaining useful life of 5 years. The current machine would be worn out and worthless in 5 years, but DeYoung can sell it now to a Halloween mask manufacturer for $135,000. The old machine is being depreciated by $90,000 per year for each year of its remaining life.

The new machine has a purchase price of $800,000, an estimated useful life and MACRS class life of 5 years, and an estimated salvage value of $105,000. The applicable depreciation rates are 20.00%, 32.00%, 19.20%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%. Being highly efficient, it is expected to economize on electric power usage, labor, and repair costs, and, most importantly, to reduce the number of defective chickens. In total, annual pre-tax savings of $175,000 will be realized if the new machine is installed. The company's marginal tax rate is 35% and the project cost of capital is 15%.

  1. What is the initial net cash flow if the new machine is purchased and the old one is replaced? Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Cash outflow, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign.

    $  

  2. Calculate the annual depreciation allowances for both machines, and compute the change in the annual depreciation expense if the replacement is made. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar. Negative values, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign.


    Year
    Depreciation
    Allowance, New
    Depreciation
    Allowance, Old
    Change in
    Depreciation
    1 $   $   $  
    2 $   $   $  
    3 $   $   $  
    4 $   $   $  
    5 $   $   $  
  3. What are the incremental net cash flows in Years 1 through 5? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar. Cash outflows, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign.

    CF1 $  
    CF2 $  
    CF3 $  
    CF4 $  
    CF5 $  
  4. Should the firm purchase the new machine? Support your answer. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Negative value, if any, should be indicated by a minus sign.

    NPV: $  

    The firm -Select-shouldshould notItem 23 purchase the new machine.

  5. In general, how would each of the following factors affect the investment decision, and how should each be treated?

    1. The expected life of the existing machine decreases.

      If the expected life of the old machine decreases, the new machine will look -Select-betterworseItem 24 as cash flows attributable to the new machine would -Select-decreaseincreaseItem 25 .

    2. The cost of capital is not constant but is increasing as DeYoung adds more projects into its capital budget for the year.

      The -Select-higherlowerItem 26 capital cost should be used in the analysis.

In: Finance

Currently, Forever Flowers Inc. has a capital structure consisting of 20% debt and 80% equity. Forever's...

Currently, Forever Flowers Inc. has a capital structure consisting of 20% debt and 80% equity. Forever's debt currently has an 9% yield to maturity. The risk-free rate (rRF) is 6%, and the market risk premium (rM - rRF) is 8%. Using the CAPM, Forever estimates that its cost of equity is currently 12%. The company has a 40% tax rate. The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the questions below. Do not round intermediate calculations.
% debt in original capital structure, wd 20.00%
% common equity in original capital structure, wc 80.00%
Yield to maturity on debt, rd 9.00%
Risk-free rate, rRF 6.00%
Market risk premium (rM - rRF) 8.00%
Cost of common equity, rs 12.00%
Tax rate 40.00%
% debt in new capital structure, wd New 40.00%
% common equity in new capital structure, wc New 60.00%
Changed yield to maturity on debt, rd New 9.50%

What is Forever's current WACC? Round your answer to two decimal places.

_________%

What is the current beta on Forever's common stock? Round your answer to two decimal places.

_____________%

What would Forever's beta be if the company had no debt in its capital structure? (That is, what is Forever's unlevered beta, bU?) Round your answer to two decimal places.

_______________%

Forever's financial staff is considering changing its capital structure to 40% debt and 60% equity. If the company went ahead with the proposed change, the yield to maturity on the company's bonds would rise to 9.5%. The proposed change will have no effect on the company's tax rate.

What would be the company's new cost of equity if it adopted the proposed change in capital structure? Round your answer to two decimal places.

_____________%

What would be the company's new WACC if it adopted the proposed change in capital structure? Round your answer to two decimal places.

_____________%

Based on your answer to part e, would you advise Forever to adopt the proposed change in capital structure?

A. Yes

B. No


In: Finance

You have looked at the current financial statements for Reigle Homes, Co. The company has an...

You have looked at the current financial statements for Reigle Homes, Co. The company has an EBIT of $3,230,000 this year. Depreciation, the increase in net working capital, and capital spending were $244,000, $109,000, and $510,000, respectively. You expect that over the next five years, EBIT will grow at 13 percent per year, depreciation and capital spending will grow at 18 percent per year, and NWC will grow at 8 percent per year. The company has $18,900,000 in debt and 395,000 shares outstanding. You believe that sales in five years will be $22,100,000 and the price-sales ratio will be 3.2. The company’s WACC is 9.4 percent and the tax rate is 25 percent. What is the price per share of the company's stock? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)

Share Price?

In: Finance

5. Stock dividends and stock splits Companies sometimes consider stock splits to bring down the price...

5. Stock dividends and stock splits

Companies sometimes consider stock splits to bring down the price so that the stock attracts more purchases.

Consider the following case:

Happy Monkey Manufacturing currently has 15,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Its management believes that its current stock price of $110 per share is too high. The company is planning to conduct stock splits in the ratio of 2 for 1 as described in the animation.

If Happy Monkey Manufacturing declares a 2-for-1 stock split, the price of the company’s stock after the split, assuming that the total value of the firm’s stock remains the same after the split, will be ___________.

A. 36.67

B. 330.00

C. 27.50

D. 55.00

E. 22.00

Fuzzy Muffin Manufacturing Company is one of Happy Monkey’s leading competitors. Fuzzy Muffin’s market intelligence research team shares Happy Monkey’s plans of announcing a stock split, influencing the distribution policy makers. Consequently, executives at Fuzzy Muffin decide to offer stock dividends to its shareholders.

Fuzzy Muffin currently has 2,300,000 shares of common stock outstanding.

If the firm pays a 5% stock dividend, what will be the total number of shares outstanding after the stock dividend?

A. 2,173,500 shares

B. 3,018,750 shares

C. 2,415,000 shares

D. 2,898,000 shares

In: Finance

One year​ ago, your company purchased a machine used in manufacturing for $ 90 comma 000$90,000....

One year​ ago, your company purchased a machine used in manufacturing for

$ 90 comma 000$90,000.

You have learned that a new machine is available that offers many advantages and you can purchase it for

$ 140 comma 000$140,000

today. It will be depreciated on a​ straight-line basis over 10 years and has no salvage value. You expect that the new machine will produce a gross margin​ (revenues minus operating expenses other than​ depreciation) of

$ 35 comma 000$35,000

per year for the next 10 years. The current machine is expected to produce a gross margin of

$ 24 comma 000$24,000

per year. The current machine is being depreciated on a​ straight-line basis over a useful life of 11​ years, and has no salvage​ value, so depreciation expense for the current machine is

$ 8 comma 182$8,182

per year. The market value today of the current machine is

$ 65 comma 000$65,000.

Your​ company's tax rate is

45 %45%​,

and the opportunity cost of capital for this type of equipment is

10 %10%.

Should your company replace its​ year-old machine?

In: Finance