Questions
Financing Deficit Garlington Technologies Inc.'s 2018 financial statements are shown below: Balance Sheet as of December...

Financing Deficit

Garlington Technologies Inc.'s 2018 financial statements are shown below:

Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018

Cash $   180,000 Accounts payable $   360,000
Receivables 360,000 Notes payable 156,000
Inventories 720,000 Line of credit 0
Total current assets $1,260,000 Accruals 180,000
Fixed assets 1,440,000 Total current liabilities $   696,000
Common stock 1,800,000
Retained earnings 204,000
Total assets $2,700,000 Total liabilities and equity $2,700,000

Income Statement for December 31, 2018

Sales $3,600,000
Operating costs 3,279,720
EBIT $  320,280
Interest 18,280
Pre-tax earnings $  302,000
Taxes (40%) 120,800
Net income 181,200
Dividends $  108,000

Suppose that in 2019 sales increase by 20% over 2018 sales and that 2019 dividends will increase to $202,000. Forecast the financial statements using the forecasted financial statement method. Assume the firm operated at full capacity in 2018. Use an interest rate of 9%, and assume that any new debt will be added at the end of the year (so forecast the interest expense based on the debt balance at the beginning of the year). Cash does not earn any interest income. Assume that the all new-debt will be in the form of a line of credit. Enter your answers as positive values. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar.

Garlington Technologies Inc.
Pro Forma Income Statement
December 31, 2019
Sales $  
Operating costs $  
EBIT $  
Interest $  
Pre-tax earnings $  
Taxes (40%) $  
Net income $  
Dividends: $  
Addition to RE: $  
Garlington Technologies Inc.
Pro Forma Balance Statement
December 31, 2019
Cash $  
Receivables $  
Inventories $  
Total current assets $  
Fixed assets $  
Total assets $  
Accounts payable $  
Notes payable $  
Accruals $  
Total current liabilities $  
Common stock $  
Retained earnings $  
Total liabilities and equity $  

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Financing Deficit Stevens Textile Corporation's 2018 financial statements are shown below: Balance Sheet as of December...

Financing Deficit

Stevens Textile Corporation's 2018 financial statements are shown below:

Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 (Thousands of Dollars)

Cash $ 1,080 Accounts payable $ 4,320
Receivables 6,480 Accruals 2,880
Inventories 9,000 Line of credit 0
   Total current assets $16,560 Notes payable 2,100
Net fixed assets 12,600    Total current liabilities $ 9,300
Mortgage bonds 3,500
Common stock 3,500
Retained earnings 12,860
   Total assets $29,160    Total liabilities and equity $29,160

Income Statement for January 1 - December 31, 2018 (Thousands of Dollars)

Sales $36,000
Operating costs 32,440
   Earnings before interest and taxes $ 3,560
Interest 460
   Pre-tax earnings $ 3,100
Taxes (40%) 1,240
Net income $ 1,860
Dividends (45%) $    837
Addition to retained earnings $ 1,023
  1. Suppose 2019 sales are projected to increase by 15% over 2018 sales. Use the forecasted financial statement method to forecast a balance sheet and income statement for December 31, 2019. The interest rate on all debt is 9%, and cash earns no interest income. Assume that all additional debt in the form of a line of credit is added at the end of the year, which means that you should base the forecasted interest expense on the balance of debt at the beginning of the year. Use the forecasted income statement to determine the addition to retained earnings. Assume that the company was operating at full capacity in 2018, that it cannot sell off any of its fixed assets, and that any required financing will be borrowed as notes payable. Also, assume that assets, spontaneous liabilities, and operating costs are expected to increase by the same percentage as sales. Determine the additional funds needed. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar.
    Total assets: $   
    AFN: $   

  2. What is the resulting total forecasted amount of the line of credit? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
    $  

  3. In your answers to Parts a and b, you should not have charged any interest on the additional debt added during 2019 because it was assumed that the new debt was added at the end of the year. But now suppose that the new debt is added throughout the year. Don't do any calculations, but how would this change the answers to parts a and b?
    If debt is added throughout the year rather than only at the end of the year, interest expense will be -Select-higherlowerItem 4 than in the projections of part a. This would cause net income to be -Select-higherlowerItem 5 , the addition to retained earnings to be -Select-higherlowerItem 6 , and the AFN to be -Select-higherlowerItem 7 . Thus, you would have to -Select-add insubtract fromItem 8 new debt.

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Maggie's Muffins Bakery generated $4 million in sales during 2018, and its year-end total assets were...

Maggie's Muffins Bakery generated $4 million in sales during 2018, and its year-end total assets were $3 million. Also, at year-end 2018, current liabilities were $1 million, consisting of $300,000 of notes payable, $500,000 of accounts payable, and $200,000 of accruals. Looking ahead to 2019, the company estimates that its assets must increase at the same rate as sales, its spontaneous liabilities will increase at the same rate as sales, its profit margin will be 4%, and its payout ratio will be 80%. How large a sales increase can the company achieve without having to raise funds externally—that is, what is its self-supporting growth rate? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round the monetary value to the nearest dollar and percentage value to the nearest whole number.

Sales can increase by $   , that is by   %.

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READ THE ETHICAL DILEMMA BELOW “Shell Is First Energy Company to Link Executive Pay and Carbon...

READ THE ETHICAL DILEMMA BELOW

“Shell Is First Energy Company to Link Executive Pay and Carbon Emissions” (Source: Business Law Newsletter, January 2, 2019)

According to the article, Royal Dutch Shell is giving its executives a powerful new reason to care about the environment.

The Anglo-Dutch energy firm said recently that it will establish short-term carbon emissions targets starting in 2020 after coming under pressure from investors. In an industry first, it plans to link executive pay to hitting the targets.

Major shareholders including the Church of England and Robeco have demanded that Shell do more to tackle emissions. They say its earlier goal of cutting carbon emissions by half by 2050 did not go far enough.

Shell said in a statement that it would set carbon reduction goals that cover periods of three to five years. The targets will be set on an annual basis and run to 2050.

The oil company did not set out specific carbon benchmarks. And it said that shareholders would not vote on changes to executive remuneration until 2020.

Climate Action 100+, a group of 310 investors with over $32 trillion in assets under management, said in a joint statement with Shell that it strongly supported the company in taking “these important steps.”

Shell made the announcement as the United Nations’ annual talks on climate change got underway in Poland.

Shell said it would be the first major energy company to link executive compensation and carbon goals. Crucially, it’s committing to cut emissions generated by both its activities and the products it sells.

“That Shell has now embedded its ambition in its remuneration policy offers confidence that Shell is really committed to it,” said Corien Wortmann, chair of the pension fund ABP.

Moves by major corporations to reduce carbon emissions should help governments meet targets established under the Paris Climate Agreement, which seeks to keep rises in global temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius.

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in October that the planet will reach the crucial threshold of 1.5 degrees Celsius by as early as 2030, precipitating the risk of extreme drought, wildfires, floods and food shortages for hundreds of millions of people. It said companies and governments must act faster.

Emma Howard Boyd, chair of the UK Environment Agency, praised Shell on Monday for moving to set short-term targets.

“We hope that this unique joint statement between institutional investors and an oil and gas major, will inspire other leaders to take bold action,” she said in a statement. “We would encourage the rest of the sector to follow Shell’s lead.”

Shell announced in 2016 that it would link greenhouse gas emissions to executive compensation.
It isn’t the only Big Oil company to come under pressure from investors over the environment. Last year, US-based ExxonMobil agreed to reveal the risks it faces from climate change and the global crackdown on carbon emissions.

Respond to the following questions:
1. As the article indicates, Royal Dutch Shell will establish short-term carbon emissions targets starting in 2020 after coming under pressure from investors. Does it surprise you that investors are making such a demand? Why or why not?

Comment on Royal Dutch Shell’s plan to link executive pay to the achievement of carbon emissions targets.
  
In your reasoned opinion, which is the most preferable option in terms of carbon emissions:

a) the government mandating that energy companies like Royal Dutch Shell comply with heightened carbon emissions targets established by the government;
b) energy companies like Royal Dutch Shell establishing their own heightened carbon emissions targets and methods to ensure reaching such targets; or
c) doing nothing other than complying with existing regulatory standards established by individual countries ? m
Explain your responses.

In: Finance

Broussard Skateboard's sales are expected to increase by 20% from $7.0 million in 2018 to $8.40...

Broussard Skateboard's sales are expected to increase by 20% from $7.0 million in 2018 to $8.40 million in 2019. Its assets totaled $5 million at the end of 2018.
Broussard is already at full capacity, so its assets must grow at the same rate as projected sales. At the end of 2018, current liabilities were $1.4 million, consisting of $450,000 of accounts payable, $500,000 of notes payable, and $450,000 of accruals. The after-tax profit margin is forecasted to be 5%. Assume that the company pays no dividends. Under these assumptions, what would be the additional funds needed for the coming year? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
$  

Why is this AFN different from the one when the company pays dividends?
I. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of retained earnings but this would have no effect on the amount of additional funds needed.
II. Under this scenario the company would have a lower level of retained earnings which would reduce the amount of additional funds needed.
III. Under this scenario the company would have a lower level of retained earnings but this would have no effect on the amount of additional funds needed.
IV. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of retained earnings which would reduce the amount of additional funds needed.
V. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of retained earnings which would increase the amount of additional funds needed.

In: Finance

Broussard Skateboard's sales are expected to increase by 15% from $8.6 million in 2018 to $9.89...

Broussard Skateboard's sales are expected to increase by 15% from $8.6 million in 2018 to $9.89 million in 2019. Its assets totaled $6 million at the end of 2018.
Broussard is already at full capacity, so its assets must grow at the same rate as projected sales. At the end of 2018, current liabilities were $1.4 million, consisting of $450,000 of accounts payable, $500,000 of notes payable, and $450,000 of accruals. The after-tax profit margin is forecasted to be 4%, and the forecasted payout ratio is 60%. What would be the additional funds needed? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
$  

Assume that the company's year-end 2018 assets had been $7 million. Is the company's "capital intensity" ratio the same or different?

The capital intensity ratio is measured as A0*/S0. Broussard's current capital intensity ratio is -Select-higher than, lower than,equal to. Item 2 that of the firm with $7 million year-end 2018 assets; therefore, Broussard is -Select-less,more,the same. Item 3 capital intensive - it would require -Select-a smaller,a larger,the same. Item 4 increase in total assets to support the increase in sales.

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According to Markowitz' Portfolio theory (1952), only market risk should earn a risk premium as idiosyncratic...

According to Markowitz' Portfolio theory (1952), only market risk should earn a risk premium as idiosyncratic risk can be diversified away. However, newer studies has shown that idiosyncratic risk is priced (Merton, 1987) (Fu, 2009). If idiosyncratic volatility is priced, how can you exploit this fact?

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Use the information below to calculate the ask cross rate between C$ and € in the...

Use the information below to calculate the ask cross rate between C$ and € in the "C$/€ " format.

Bid Ask
Canadian Dollar $0.7505 $0.7786
Euro $1.1536 $1.1692

Answer Format: Keep four decimals; use the price currency as the unit. Example:  4.1234(C$) or 4.1234(€)

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You are graduating today. Your plan is to work for Dynamo Corporation for 12 years and...

You are graduating today. Your plan is to work for Dynamo Corporation for 12 years and then start your own business. You expect to save and deposit $7,500 a year for the first 6 years and $15,000 a year for the following 6 years. You will make your first deposit one year from today. In addition, your grandfather just gave you a graduation gift of $25,000 which you will deposit immediately. If the account earns 9% compounded annually, how much will you have when you start your business 12 years from now?

This problem is worth up to 7 points. You will receive 2 "extra credit" points if you solve the entire problem correctly.

Provide all supporting calculations. Write your final answer as a complete sentence.

In: Finance

Provide examples of 'phygital' and evaluate how banks are implementing them.

Provide examples of 'phygital' and evaluate how banks are implementing them.

In: Finance

A woman purchased a new car today for $16,000. She paid $2,000 down and agreed to...

A woman purchased a new car today for $16,000. She paid $2,000 down and agreed to make 47 monthly installments of $250 and a nal balloon payment at the end of the 48th month. The interest rate is 15 percent compounded monthly. What is the amount of the final balloon payment?

In: Finance

Jack borrows $500,000 for 10 years at a fixed interest rate of i % p.a (EAR)....

Jack borrows $500,000 for 10 years at a fixed interest rate of i % p.a (EAR). If the debt is repaid in equal year-end payments over the 10 years, the amount of interest Jack pays in the first 5 years (years 1 to 5): Select one:

a. Is less than the interest paid in the last 5 years

b. Is greater than the interest paid in the last 5 years

c. Is equal to the interest paid in the last 5 years

In: Finance

Compare and examine the similarities and differences between digital and branch banking?

Compare and examine the similarities and differences between digital and branch banking?

In: Finance

Explain the concept of time value of money in the context of simple interest. How would...

Explain the concept of time value of money in the context of simple interest. How would you use this in retirement planning?

In: Finance

Data for Barry Computer Co. and its industry averages follow. The firm's debt is priced at...

Data for Barry Computer Co. and its industry averages follow. The firm's debt is priced at par, so the market value of its debt equals its book value. Since dollars are in thousands, number of shares are shown in thousands too.

Barry Computer Company:
Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 (In Thousands)
Cash $202,860 Accounts payable $144,900
Receivables 565,110 Other current liabilities 188,370
Inventories 333,270 Notes payable to bank 86,940
   Total current assets $1,101,240    Total current liabilities $420,210
Long-term debt $333,270
Net fixed assets 347,760 Common equity (69,552 shares) 695,520
Total assets $1,449,000 Total liabilities and equity $1,449,000
Barry Computer Company:
Income Statement for Year Ended December 31, 2018 (In Thousands)
Sales $2,300,000
Cost of goods sold
   Materials $1,012,000
   Labor 667,000
   Heat, light, and power 115,000
   Indirect labor 161,000
   Depreciation 92,000 2,047,000
Gross profit $ 253,000
Selling expenses 138,000
General and administrative expenses $ 69,000
   Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 46,000
Interest expense 23,329
   Earnings before taxes (EBT) $ 22,671
Federal and state income taxes (40%) 9,068
Net income $ 13,603
Earnings per share $ 0.19558
Price per share on December 31, 2018 $ 10.00
  1. Calculate the indicated ratios for Barry. Round your answers to two decimal places.
    Ratio Barry              Industry Average
    Current x 2.63x
    Quick x 1.88x
    Days sales outstandinga days 41.91 days
    Inventory turnover x 7.54x
    Total assets turnover x 1.79x
    Profit margin   % 0.55%
    ROA   % 0.99%
    ROE   % 2.17%
    ROIC   % 7.90%
    TIE x 2.00x
    Debt/Total capital   % 36.56%
    M/B   % 5.00%
    P/E   % 53.97%
    EV/EBITDA   % 8.68%

    aCalculation is based on a 365-day year.
  2. Construct the DuPont equation for both Barry and the industry. Round your answers to two decimal places.
    FIRM INDUSTRY
    Profit margin   % 0.55%
    Total assets turnover x 1.79x
    Equity multiplier x x
  3. Select the correct option based on Barry's strengths and weaknesses as revealed by your analysis.
    -Select-IIIIIIIVVItem 19
    1. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is comparable to the industry average, indicating that the firm should neither tighten credit nor enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity, assets, and invested capital. However, the company seems to be in a below average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.
    2. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is more than twice as long as the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets decreased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity, assets, and invested capital. Finally, it's market value ratios are also below industry averages. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.
    3. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is more than twice as long as the industry average, indicating that the firm should loosen credit or apply a less stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity, assets, and invested capital. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.
    4. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is less than the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well below the industry average so sales should be increased, assets decreased, or both. While the company's profit margin is lower than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are high compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity, assets, and invested capital. However, the company seems to be in an average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.
    5. The firm's days sales outstanding ratio is more than the industry average, indicating that the firm should tighten credit or enforce a more stringent collection policy. The total assets turnover ratio is well above the industry average so sales should be increased, assets increased, or both. While the company's profit margin is higher than the industry average, its other profitability ratios are low compared to the industry - net income should be higher given the amount of equity, assets, and invested capital. However, the company seems to be in an above average liquidity position and financial leverage is similar to others in the industry.
  4. Suppose Barry had doubled its sales as well as its inventories, accounts receivable, and common equity during 2018. How would that information affect the validity of your ratio analysis? (Hint: Think about averages and the effects of rapid growth on ratios if averages are not used. No calculations are needed.)
    -Select-IIIIIIIVVItem 20
    1. If 2018 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2018 ratios will be well informed, and a return to normal conditions in 2018 could hurt the firm's stock price.
    2. If 2018 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have little meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2018 ratios will be misled, and a return to normal conditions in 2019 could hurt the firm's stock price.
    3. If 2018 represents a period of supernormal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be accurate and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors need only look at 2018 ratios to be well informed, and a return to normal conditions in 2019 could help the firm's stock price.
    4. If 2018 represents a period of normal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be distorted and a comparison between them and industry averages will have little meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2018 ratios will be misled, and a continuation of normal conditions in 2019 could hurt the firm's stock price.
    5. If 2018 represents a period of normal growth for the firm, ratios based on this year will be accurate and a comparison between them and industry averages will have substantial meaning. Potential investors who look only at 2018 ratios will be misled, and a return to supernormal conditions in 2019 could hurt the firm's stock price.

In: Finance