Question

 What are factors that affect pulmonary ventilation

 Direction of diffusion of gasses

 Pulmonary volumes and capacities

 Methods of gas transport

 O2-Hemoglobin saturation curves - what determines O2 saturation; what affects O2 satura

 What is Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

 How are the chest wall and lung coupled during ventilation

 What is respiratory acidosis? Alkalosis?

 What is the strongest signal stimulating respiration?

 How does the body compensate for a ventilation-perfusion mismatch?

Answer 1

oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve relates oxygen saturation and partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and is determined by what is called "haemoglobin affinity for oxygen"; that is, how readily haemoglobin acquires and releases oxygen molecules into the fluid.

Infant respiratory distress syndrome occurs in infants whose lungs have not yet fully developed due to lack of surfactant in the lungs. Surfactant helps lungs fill up air and keeps the air sacs from deflating. Fully developed lungs possess surfactant.

When the chest wall is relaxed it behaves as an elastic container similar to the lungs.

Respiratory alkalosis occurs when a person breathes too fast or too deep and carbon dioxide levels drops too low. This causes blood pH to rise and becomes too alkaline.

On the other hand, when the blood becomes too acidic respiratory acidosis occurs.

Carbon dioxide is one of the most powerful stimulants of breathing.

Vasoconstriction is considered an adaptive response to ventilation-perfusion mismatch. It can also be prevented by the ready diffusion of carbon dioxide across alveolar capillary membranes.