Question

explain patient teaching for type 1diabetic patient a d caregivers

Answer 1

Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune disorder. During the disease process, the body mistakenly recognizes the cells that produce insulin as foreign and kills them off. As a result, people with type 1 diabetes do not produce insulin. There is no cure for type 1 diabetes, and it cannot be prevented. It is a lifelong condition. Type 1 diabetes must be treated with insulin.
*Educate about home glucose monitoring. Discuss glucose monitoring at home with the patient according to individual parameters to identify and manage glucose variations.
*Review factors in glucose instability. Review client’s common situations that contribute to glucose instability because there are multiple factors that can play a role at any time like missing meals, infection, or other illnesses.
*Encourage client to read labels. The client must choose foods described as having a low glycemic index, higher fiber, and low-fat content.
*Discuss how client’s antidiabetic medications work. Educate client on the functions of his or her medications because there are combinations of drugs that work in different ways with different blood glucose control and side effects.
*Check viability of insulin. Emphasize the importance of checking expiration dates of medications, inspecting insulin for cloudiness if it is normally clear, and monitoring proper storage and preparation because these affect insulin absorbability.
*Review type of insulin used. Note the type of insulin to be administered together with the method of delivery and time of administration. This affects timing of effects and provides clues to potential timing of glucose instability.
*Check injection sites periodically. Insulin absorption can vary day to day in healthy sites and is less absorbable in lipohypertrophic tissues.
*Patient empowerment is the focus of diabetes education.
*Patient education should address behavior change, self-efficacy, and health beliefs.
*Address any underlying factors that may affect diabetic control.
*Simplify the treatment regimen if it is difficult for the patient to follow.
*Adjust the treatment regimen to meet patient requests.
*Establish as specific plan or contract with the patient with simple, measurable goals.
*Provide positive reinforcement of self-care behaviors performed instead of focusing on behaviors that were neglected.
*Encourage the patient to pursue life goals and interests, and discourage an undue focus on diabetes.
*Educate client on wound care, insulin preparation, and glucose monitoring.
*Instruct client to comply with the appointment with the healthcare provider at least twice a year for ongoing evaluation and routine nutrition updates.
*Remind the patient to participate in recommended health promotion activities and age-appropriate health screenings.
*Encourage participation in support groups with patients who have had diabetes for many years as well for those who are newly diagnosed.